Multi saw machines for wood: types, characteristics, purpose

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

There are a lot of building materials. One of the main ones is wood. Almost no building is complete without lumber. Often the tree serves as the basis for the construction of cottages, villas and residential buildings. Various mechanisms are used for the mass production of lumber, but most often they resort to a multi-saw machine for wood.

Purpose and characteristics

Gang saws for wood are devices that are used for the production of lumber, and in addition, they have the ability to mill and notch.

Use such equipment both in large industries and in small workshops.

The main technical parameters of the machines are as follows:

• maximum allowable material dimensions for processing;
• number of saws indicates the number of boards that can be obtained in one run;
• weight;
• saw diameter indicates the possible depth of cut;
• power;
• maximumthe distance between the saws gives information about the final width of the processed material;
• material processing speed;
• machine dimensions;
• material feed rate indicates the productivity level of the equipment.

Varieties of machines

All gang saw machines can be divided into three types:

1. Frame gang saw machines. In everyday life, such machines are called "frame saws". It is used to cut timber into several boards. The principle of operation is similar to that of a sawmill: the cutting tool, which is fixed in the saw frame, cuts the incoming material. In this case, the frame makes reciprocating movements.
2. Chippers. Used for ripping large logs.
3. Disk machines (disk gang saws). They are used to obtain high quality edged blanks. It differs from frame multi-saws in a more accurate and high-quality cut. The cutting element of such a device is circular saws.

The so-called mini-saws should be included in a separate category. Despite their small size, the machines are of high quality and lower cash costs.

Differences between machines

In modern production, three types of machines are used:

• single-shaft devices;
• two-shaft gang saws;
• multi-saws with adjustable cutting width.

They differ in the way the material is fed - roller or caterpillar. Costsnote that the second type of equipment feeds workpieces more smoothly.

They are also different:

1. Cutting height. In the case of a two-roller machine, the source can be as high as possible. There are up to 12 saws on each axis, so cutting occurs simultaneously both from above and below with different blades, which makes the depth of cut more.
2. The width of the blank. It is important to consider what kind of material will be processed. For example, for a century-old pine, the widest possible machine is needed. For small workpieces, accordingly, a smaller width is needed. It is worth saying that the difference in the cost of such machines will fluctuate within several tens of thousands of rubles. Which, by the way, will also affect the price of edged boards.

Design of gang saw machines

Of course, there are differences between the mechanisms, but there are a number of basic details. Wood gang saws have the following main parts:

1. Bed. This includes all elements of the mechanism. May also include lumber supply line.
2. Engine. Thanks to him, the saws during the processing of the material perform rotational and reciprocating movements. In addition, starts the operation of the workpiece feeder.
3. Cutting element. Includes one or two shafts on which circular saws for gang saws are mounted. They can be in two planes - horizontal and vertical.
4. Mechanism that feeds workpieces. The power of the node depends on its size: the larger it is, the more powerful the device. From thismechanism depends on the uniformity of transportation of the workpiece, as well as the accuracy and evenness of the cut.

Benefits of gang saws

Gang saw machines have several important advantages that are good for the quality of work in mass production. The advantages of wood gang saws are:

1. High performance level. Increased wear resistance and heavy load capacity help maintain a stable volume of finished products.
2. The workpiece processing speed is quite high, which is important for continuous production.
3. Circular saws have an increased level of reliability. This reduces production costs.
4. Precise sawing not only reduces costs, but also guarantees the absence of defects. In addition, the excellent geometry of the resulting product allows almost no additional processing.

The principle of operation of machines and their device

Gang saws for wood are equipped with three pairs of shafts. In this case, one pair is the receiver, and the other two are the servers. Also the machine has a special window. It is through him that the material is fed.

In addition, a claw plate is installed on the material supply window for protection. And on the other hand, where the finished bars come out, there is a special curtain. If necessary, you can connect aspiration, if a separate outlet is provided for this.

The working process of the circular saw machine isas follows: the material is securely fixed from above and below by rollers, then, due to the rapid rotation of the cutting mechanism, it is cut into bars.

Rotation of circular saws reaches 2800 rpm. But at the same time, the feed rate of the wooden workpiece is about 40 m/min. The material feed rate will depend on the type of equipment installed on the machine (track or roller).

Overview of popular gang saws

Perhaps the most affordable will be the light gang saw Vanguard RM-50. Its cost is approximately 460 thousand rubles. It belongs to frame machines and is optimally suited for small industries. The machine allows you to cut timber up to 25 cm high and up to 40 cm wide. It has a power unit with a power of 15 kW, which allows you to process the workpiece at a speed of 1 m/min.

More powerful machine (90 kW) - TsM-200. Belongs to the industrial grade. It has increased reliability, high wear resistance and no vibration during machine operation. The number of saw blades is 7 pieces, and the diameter of the saw blade is 63 cm. The material feed speed can be adjusted in the range of 6, 3…12 m/min.

An alternative to the previous machine can serve as a multisaw TsDK 5-3. It has five saws with a diameter of 31.5–40 cm. At the same time, the feed speed is adjustable from 5 to 18 m/min.

For large productions, the use of CRM machines (150, 180, 200) is recommended. The difference lies in the power of the power unit and the maximum thickness of the possible processing of the workpiece. Model CRM-150 has seven saws with a diameter50–60 cm. And the TsRM-180 and TsRM-200 models are equipped with 10 saws. Processing speed of any model from 6 to 20 m/min.

How to choose a gang saw depending on requests

The timber processing industry requires the selection of high-quality equipment that will be optimally suited for all the necessary parameters. First of all, before buying a machine, you should calculate in advance how much scaffolding will need to be processed in one shift. This will allow you to choose a gang saw for power.

It is important to take into account the types of trees that will be processed. For example, oak and larch are quite hard, but pine, on the contrary, is soft. Depending on this, it is worth thinking about the configuration. That is, which discs need to process a particular breed.

After cutting the workpiece in the production of small elements, wood trimming machines are used to cut off the corner pieces. And only then are rounded or cylindrical parts machined.

You also need to pay attention to how the saws will be sharpened. The best option is to purchase a special tool from a company that supplies machines. You can also contact a special service center or buy new ones, but this is a more expensive option.

In closing

Gang saws are an important part of lumber production. The quality and price of edged boards depend on the type of equipment, the number of saws, power and other important characteristics. In addition, equipment selected according to requests will optimize the productiondetails.