Waste incineration plant: technological process. Waste incineration plants in Moscow and Moscow region

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Waste incinerators have long been controversial. At the moment, they are the cheapest and most affordable way to recycle waste, but far from the safest. Every year, 70 tons of garbage appears in Russia, which needs to be removed somewhere. Factories become a way out, but at the same time the Earth's atmosphere is exposed to enormous pollution. What incineration plants exist and is it possible to stop the waste epidemic in Russia?

History of occurrence

Since the peoples began to lead a settled way of life, the population of cities and villages has known the problem of waste disposal. All the garbage produced by people had to be somehow taken away from the place of residence, because it significantly affected he alth. In our time, when industry and consumption are developing more and more, residents of developed countries throw out about 400 kg of garbage. In third world countries, this figure is halfless. Mankind knows several options for waste disposal:

• burning;
• instillation;
• recycling.

Of course, recycling is the most environmentally friendly and future-proof way. That's just the cost of it many times more. In each yard, on each street, special waste bins with separation for different materials (plastic, glass, paper, food waste) should be installed. Recycling plants also require large material costs.

At the same time, burying and burning garbage is the dirtiest, but also the easiest solution. The costs of these methods are minimal, but the harm from them is much greater. In Russia, about 2% of garbage is burned every year, and 4% is recycled, everything else goes to landfills.

Pros and cons

Perhaps it will be difficult to find advantages in heat treatment plants. And yet they are. Firstly, it is a decrease in the area of territories polluted with garbage. If you add up all the waste in Russia, you get an area equal to Cyprus. Impressive, isn't it? Waste incinerators help recycle at least some of this huge dump.

But the disadvantages of these enterprises can not be counted. The most important is environmental pollution. In order to purify the air with impurities of harmful substances and heavy metals, expensive equipment is needed. Gases usually go through two stages of preparation:

1. Precipitation chamber.
2. Battery cyclone.

The degree of air purification reaches 95%. Why, then, in this case, all over the world are trying to get rid of factories operating on this principle? The fact is that dioxins, which enter the atmosphere with smoke, cause diseases such as cancer, pneumonia and other deadly diseases. Around the waste factories, the number of local residents who have applied to hospitals with problems of an endocrine, immune and reproductive nature is sharply increasing. And unfortunately, at this stage of human development, such cleansing barriers have not yet been invented that could get rid of dioxins.

Moscow

Waste incineration plants in Moscow are a must. Every day, the city produces tons of garbage that needs to be disposed of somewhere. All the garbage heaps closest to Moscow are already clogged, the city continues to grow, and waste with houses is “rushing” towards each other. What factories are located in Moscow?

• Waste recycling plant on Podolsky Kursantov Street.
• Waste incineration plant No. 2 on Altuftevsky Highway.
• Plant No. 4 and Ecologist in Rudnevo.

The government faces a difficult task. On the one hand, there is catastrophically little money allocated for the construction of “correct factories”. Simply put, there is simply nothing to build them on. On the other hand, more and more protests from Moscow residents are caused by processing plants, the territories of which are almost closely built up with new buildings.

Waste incineration plants in the suburbs

In 2016, the Clean Country project was approved. Its meaning lies in the construction of new factories on the territory of the Moscow region. A total of four are planned:

• Solnechnogorsk district;
• Voskresensky district;
• Noginsk district;
• Naro-Fominsk region.

However, environmentalists protest in front of such a "Clean Country". The fact is that, although scientists have not issued an unequivocal prohibition verdict, it will be impossible to calculate the harm from plants. Too many factors cannot be taken into account: wind behavior, climate, precipitation, amount of waste. If circumstances turn out unfavorably, the problems from such a project can be felt by all residents of the Moscow region.

Greenpeace does not recommend living less than five kilometers from factories. And you can stay directly next to him without protective masks for no more than half an hour. Nevertheless, many residential buildings will fall into the zone of influence of factories. And if the wind rose blows the smoke away from them in the other direction, things could get even more sad.

Lyubertsy

The waste incineration plant in Lyubertsy has long been a concern for residents of the area. Many deceived equity holders believed the sweet-voiced advertisement about an "environmentally friendly" space in which everyone would feel as comfortable as possible. But the story turned out to be a lie. For many years, there were irrigation fields in Lyubertsy, where all the sewage of Moscow flowed.

In addition, there is a thermal power plant nearby andRefinery. But that's not all: waste from the Moscow Ring Road and Novoryazanskoye Highway also does not add to the he alth of residents. But the saddest thing is the two waste incineration plants in Lyubertsy, which are located right on its territory. Many new buildings in the area fall into the affected area.

Waste Incinerator 4

The waste processing plant, located in the Rudnevo industrial zone in Lyubertsy, is the largest waste incineration plant in Moscow. It receives about 700 tons of garbage per day, i.e., somewhere around 30% of the total mass of waste in the capital. Right next to it is another plant called "Ecolog". Medical waste, corpses of pets and confiscated medical supplies are brought here for incineration.

Directly next to these enterprises are Kozhukhovo residential buildings, kindergartens and social institutions. Residents of the Lyubertsy district have been trying to reach out to the authorities for a long time, but so far their requests have not been answered.

Waste recycling plant 2

Waste incineration plant No. 2 is located in the Altufyevo district. Its distinctive feature is its location inside an array of residential areas. The relative proximity to the center of Moscow and the direction of the wind rose together suggest that the plant poisons significantly more people than all the others.

Garbage at the plant is burned mostly at night. Many residents complain of difficulty breathing and foul smells. Young families with children who bought apartments in the area are already thinking about moving toMoscow region. Repeated petitions urging the government to shut down the plant have so far failed to reciprocate.

Ways to solve the problem

After all the information read, despair involuntarily rolls in - how can ordinary people fix all this without having any power and leverage? But it can be done.

1. Separate garbage. Yes, it sounds trite. But the future of our planet depends on each of us. If the majority of Moscow residents start collecting garbage separately, the government will be forced to install factories for separate processing. And things will get off the ground.
2. Don't throw away batteries, appliances and lamps. In Russia, it is still not forbidden to burn all these dangerous substances. Therefore, they go into the furnace on a par with relatively safe household waste. But when they burn, very toxic substances are released that have a detrimental effect on he alth. Now in every major settlement there are special boxes for collecting hazardous raw materials, where you can send your light bulbs, mercury thermometers and used equipment.
3. Take active citizenship. Do not think that you are not concerned with the problem of recycling. The construction of the plant in St. Petersburg was canceled precisely because of large-scale protests. The future is in your hands.