The project team is Concept, stages of development and management

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

The project team is a group of people on whom its success depends. The two main tasks that are solved when thinking through a new idea are: gathering a team, preparing it for effective work. Since the organization of the project team is an important and responsible event, we will dwell on this issue in more detail.

The essence of the term

Depending on the specifics, type, scale of the initiative under consideration, both individual professionals and several different organizations can take part in the work. All of them are members of the project team in the broadest sense of the term. Among the representatives of the initiative group are:

• investors;
• direct customers;
• financial enterprises;
• designers;
• business consultants;
• suppliers of resources and materials;
• various contractors.

Each of them performs somecertain functions, is responsible for a specific part of the work. A microgroup is selected from all employees, which will solve certain issues throughout the development and implementation of an innovative idea.

An effective project team is the people directly involved in the implementation of the new initiative, reporting to the project manager. Its creation is a prerequisite for the successful implementation of an idea that contributes to the creation of a unique product.

Important points

The project team is a team that is formed before the implementation of the initiative "into life". It disbands immediately after successfully completing its task.

The composition of the project team is selected by professionals, which is an expensive and time-consuming process. It is necessary to establish friendly and workable relations between the members of the group in order to expect to obtain the desired result. In some cases, a working group is created in the company to save material resources. The purpose of her work is to perform a specific task that is relevant at a particular point in time for the organization.

Operation

The structure of the project team and its number varies depending on the specifics of the idea being implemented.

Each participant is responsible for a certain part of the project, while pursuing personal interests.

Creating a project team involves not only the formationgroups, but also joint training, communication. This approach contributes to obtaining the desired result. With a favorable psychological climate between the participants, decisions are made mobile and balanced. Like-minded people take into account external and internal factors, so the process of implementing ideas into life is accelerated.

The principle of creation

How is the project team formed? This group has a number of significant differences from a stable team of workers. Since it performs certain functions only at a specific time interval. There are certain principles of its formation. Let's dwell on this issue in more detail.

The main players of the idea (contractor and customer) create their own groups led by professional managers. By mutual agreement between the parties, the manager is the manager from the customer or from the contractor.

The development of the project team contributes to the achievement of the task in the shortest possible time. The managerial function of managers is to perform the following tasks:

• in planning the implementation of the initiative;
• providing the idea with the right staff;
• systematic monitoring of activities;
• motivate employees to achieve a certain result.

Specific implementation of the idea

Management of the project team is determined taking into account the specifics of the implemented initiative. This directly affects the structure of the group, the numbernecessary specialists, requirements for their skills and abilities.

The project team is a single mechanism, the coordination of which determines the timing of the necessary work. For example, if the plan is to be implemented in the field of he althcare, the team will need certified medical administrators and doctors.

The construction team of the project are designers, architects, builders, suppliers, without whom it is difficult to imagine this sector of the economy.

Organizational-cultural environment

External factors have a significant impact on the work of the enterprise. Internal elements include the following aspects: cohesion of partners, collective norms of work, distribution of functional responsibilities, communication skills.

Proper project team management helps to minimize such influences. The essential difference between a team and a classic type of work collective is its functioning on the basis of professionalism and business qualities, and not the application of a typical hierarchical principle.

Formation methods

New initiatives can appear both within one organization (company), and with the cooperation of several small companies at once. That is why the formation of the project team is carried out in different ways. This is an important condition.

Depending on the goal of the project team, certain tools and approaches are used. For example, when the essence of the idea is related to restructuring, expansion, modernization within a particular enterprise, the projectis part of the day-to-day work of the manager and the professionals selected to work.

Classic

A manager appointed by the head of the company, in addition to his main functional duties, also leads the idea, implements this specific plan.

He has full access to the required personnel, the authority to coordinate all actions, planning the stages of work. In the general organizational structure of the company, when thinking through a new idea, a separate structural unit is singled out.

This model is a classic form, it is used mainly in large enterprises. It presupposes the priority of innovation over daily activities, since the manager does not touch the typical hierarchy established in the company. The manager and the main team members are released for a while from their direct functional duties. The head of the company or his deputy is appointed as the curator of the group.

Mixed form

It is suitable for medium-sized firms. The essence of creating a project team is that the innovation is led by an outside manager. It is he who is responsible for the success of the implementation of the idea. To complete the task assigned to him, such a specialist may involve employees of other departments in the project. The difference is that, in addition to working on innovation, they continue to fulfill the main responsibilities.

If the idea is implemented by several companies at once, the project team includesrepresentatives of all enterprises interested in the success. Such an organization of the process is considered standard, in which a separate group of performers is created for each idea.

Basic approaches to building a team

Four basic principles are currently in use:

• goal-setting;
• interpersonal;
• role-playing;
• problematic - orientational.

The first involves setting the end goal as a guide for the work of the project team, preliminary thinking through ways to achieve it.

The interpersonal principle consists in increased attention to the relationship between team members. The success of work directly depends on the establishment of communicative trusting relationships, so the project manager often resorts to the help of a professional psychologist.

The role principle is aimed at sharing basic powers between members of the group, giving each person their own rights and responsibilities.

The last principle contributes to the solution of all contentious issues within the framework of joint disputes, which significantly speeds up the implementation of the plan and increases its efficiency.

Employee selection criteria

Special attention is paid to the experience and professionalism of the people who will be involved in the development and implementation of new items that are important for the company. Employees involved in the project must be proactive, ready to take responsibility for the decisions they make. The desire to devote the maximum amount of time to work is welcomed, andalso independence in planning the stages of activities.

There are no special requirements for the age composition when creating a project team. In order to unite a new small team, the leader organizes joint events: holidays, hiking trips, corporate parties.

The structure is developed taking into account the functions performed by specialists, as well as the relationship between them. Among the group processes that affect the efficiency of achieving the goal, we note group pressure, dynamic indicators, thinking through joint decisions. Among the factors that negatively affect the speed of project implementation, we note the lack of a clearly formulated goal, work plan, constant internal conflicts, as well as the lack of resources and the lack of interest of the manager in promoting the project.

In the realities of our country, when attracting valuable specialists from other departments to the team, various conflicts appear between department heads and managers. The maximum difficulties appear for young and promising employees who receive a responsible task from the head. The problem in such situations should be resolved through constructive negotiations, and management should place the right emphasis on the team.

Stages of formation and the cycle of "life"

After the emergence of an interesting idea until its successful implementation into reality, several successive stages pass at once. At this time, relations between private traders are being established, building a benevolent and effectivecooperation. The manager observes the processes taking place within the group, stops conflicts and misunderstandings, and orients the participants towards the final result.

At the orientation stage, the initial superficial acquaintance of all members of the new group is carried out. They are in a state of uncertainty and uncertainty in their strengths and capabilities, so it is important for the leader to create the right attitude at this stage.

The manager not only orients his like-minded people, but also answers questions, forms a list of rules, a goal, methods to achieve it.

In the process of communication, conflicts and disagreements appear regarding the distribution of functions in the team. The leader needs to reduce the duration of this phase, to distribute roles among group members in the shortest possible time.

The enthusiasm of each employee, his desire to show initiative, independence and originality when planning the main stages of activity, directly depends on the interest of the manager himself.

At the stage of cooperation, the establishment of trusting relationships, a clear distribution of roles, and consistent work on considering a work plan are expected.

The working stage is the time, the immediate time for the implementation of all ideas in real life. Its duration is related to the specifics of the idea under consideration, as well as the financial capabilities of the company implementing the project.

The final stage is to assess the effectiveness of the project, the completeness of achieving the goal set at the beginning of the work.