Agricultural machine for grain cleaning and sorting

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Without agriculture, it is impossible to imagine the life of modern man. This branch of the economy supplies food and other raw materials to other components of the industry. In order for the goods of the agricultural complex to be stored for a long time, it is necessary to create acceptable conditions, as well as to properly thresh, for which machines are used to clean grain from impurities.

Grain cleaner

A grain cleaning machine is an agricultural unit that cleans seeds and sorts them according to different characteristics, sizes, roughness, density and color.

Working principle based on:

• properties of aerodynamics;
• size;
• density, shape, surface condition of seeds;
• their elasticity, color and electrical properties.

Grain cleaning machine capable of:

• clean the seeds with airflow;
• divide the grains, depending on the size, intobars;
• thresh with airflow;
• divide seeds by length into triremes;
• clean and sort beans by density;
• seed separation by appearance using cameras and engineers.

Grain cleaning

The most basic indicator of seed quality is purity. When harvesting, impurities of other crops may also come across. Be sure to clean the grain after harvesting.

What are the impurities and purification purposes?

Grain cleaning is carried out from three types of impurities:

1. Grain. It includes: damaged, germinated, feeble and crushed grains.
2. Weed. Represented by: clods of earth, sand, slag, foliage, stems, wild weed seeds, pests.
3. Harmful. It poses a great danger to animals and humans. It includes poisonous plants.

Also, there are separable and difficult-to-separate impurities. The former can be removed using traditional methods, while the latter can be removed using special equipment.

If the grain cleaning machine is properly adjusted, light organic impurities can be removed from the seeds as much as possible in the fields. And when the areas are clogged with weeds, the grain is cleaned after harvesting. Moldy, crushed seeds are also to be removed. Be sure to separate the mixture into fractions:

• seed of the first grade;
• second grade grain;
• large impurities;
• waste small.

This process of fractionation is called separation.

Calculation of grain cleaning

Calculation is carried out using a variety of formulas. The methodology itself is described in the instructions on keeping records and processing transactions with grain. According to this document, the calculation is carried out when the grain enters storage and is displayed in warehouse documents. If there is a re-registration (after grain processing), then the estimated mass is not calculated. This mass is used for various types of cash settlements, as well as for purchases with a deposit.

So what is the credit (estimated) weight of the grain? This indicator indicates the physical mass of the grain crop, which is reduced by the calculated value of the weight of deviations from moisture and impurities in the seed. Estimated weight formula:

Scoring weight=physical weight - physical weight(impurity reduction percentage + moisture reduction percentage)/100)

The calculation according to this formula occurs only if the grain requires some refinement. When drying and cleaning of grain is done, the weight is reduced by the amount of loss of moisture and impurities. All processes and activities must be necessary.

How to increase the economy when cleaning grain

Seeds are supplied to the current, it is necessary to make a lot of efforts so that the entire volume is sold at a decent price. How can this be achieved and how can it be done so that the costs do not exceed the profit?

• First of all, the grain is separated from debris and waste.
• Then the drying process should be normalized and not harm the seeds.
• The grain mass is divided into different fractions, varieties and classes.
• And, as the last step, you need to protect the grain from technological clogging.

Agricultural grain cleaning and sorting machine will help you to cope with the first and third stages.

Systematization of grain cleaning machines

Grain cleaning machines are classified:

1. By purpose: general and special. General purpose machines are used for primary and secondary cleaning, sorting. Special purpose machines are used for auxiliary and special seed treatment.
2. According to the principle of operation and the composition of the working structures of general-purpose machines: air screen, air, screen and air screen screen.
3. According to the method of movement: stationary and mobile.

Grain cleaning and sorting machine

Grain is considered the basis of agriculture. After processing, flour is obtained, which will be used as a raw material for the production of food products: bread, buns, confectionery and pasta, cereals. Since the demand for this type of product increases every year, it is necessary to purchase high-quality equipment - a key moment in the grain processing industry.

How to choose this type of machine?

Processing and cleaning of grain occurs in several stages. First of all, you need to process the grain, clean it from impurities. To ensure this process, a grain cleaning machine is used. It is this equipment that is responsible for the efficiency of the operations carried out, as well as for the quality of the finished product.

In order to perform grain cleaning, it is necessary that the machine be technically provided in accordance with what the production needs stand out.

Agricultural grain cleaning machine can be of several types:

• The air sieve separator is designed to clean seeds from light, small and large impurities.
• The stone separator is used to remove stones, glass and other non-magnetic impurities.
• Triter is designed to clean the grain from impurities that are smaller or larger than the size of the seeds.
• Magnetic separator is used to clean grain from magnetic impurities.

The most appropriate is the use of equipment that can clean the grain from all kinds of impurities that may be in it. Therefore, it is worth paying great attention to mechanization and automation.

Grain precleaners

This type of machine is designed to clean grain from all types of impurities. The following are considered their features:

• they use little energy;
• easy to adjust to any kind of crops;
• agricultural grain cleaning machine is reliable in operation;
• perfect work;
• have effective aspiration to clean grain from light impurities;
• ngn7uots3bigcost.

The most popular precleaner models are:

1. MPO-5. It has a power of 5.9 kW, small size. Weight - 1, 2 tons. Able to clean in 60 minutes: 18 tons of wheat, corn and 5 tons of sunflower seeds.
2. MPO-2, 5. It has a power of 3.7 kW, small size. Weight - 0.84 tons. Able to clean in 60 minutes: 9 tons of wheat, corn and 2.5 tons of sunflower seeds.
3. MPO-50. It has a power of 7.5 kW, small size. Weight - 1,041 tons. Capable of cleaning 50 tons of grain in 60 minutes.

Most often, these models are used as part of a grain cleaning complex, which are located in specially designated areas. They are in demand in many households. Pre-cleaners are easy to operate and economical to maintain. Only one mechanic is needed to service them. The service life can reach up to ten years.

Machines for primary grain cleaning

Primary cleaning of grain is carried out by cleaning machines. The grain cleaning machine (primary) can be of the following models: ZVS-20 (20A, 10).

How does the primary cleaning process work?

With the help of equipment, the largest amount of large and small impurities is isolated so that grain losses are minimal. Separation is carried out according to the properties of aerodynamics, as well as the width and thickness in air screen machines. Triremes can be used when sorting by length. The loss of the main seeds at this stage is no more than 1.5%. Afterprimary cleaning, the content of weed impurities is reduced to 3%.

Secondary grain cleaning machines

Secondary grain cleaning machines - separate impurities from grain that differ in width, thickness and aerodynamic properties.

They are installed and used in preparatory departments in mills. These machines clean: cereals, legumes, technical and oilseeds. There are these types:

• SVP-7;
• trier blocks BTM;
• PT-600;
• MS-4.5

Secondary cleaning is for seed grains that have undergone primary cleaning. Capable of separating at least 80% of impurities.

To provide the population with quality products, any manufacturer must take care of the technological process. The entire production line should consist only of modern equipment, which will also help to reduce the cost of storing, cleaning and processing products. To study the equipment in more detail, its characteristics, cost, positive and negative sides, you can seek help from specialists or monitor specialized sites.