Sectors of the manufacturing sector. Classification of industries

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

All sectors of the national economy are divided into two large areas: production and non-production. The existence of organizations belonging to the second group (culture, education, consumer services, management) is impossible without the successful development of enterprises of the first.

Industries of the manufacturing sector: definition

Relate to this part of the national economy enterprises that carry out activities aimed at creating we alth. Also, organizations of this group sort, move, etc. The exact definition of the production sector is as follows: “The set of enterprises that manufacture a material product and provide material services.”

General classification

In the development of the national economy, the production sector plays a very significant role. It is the enterprises related to it that create national income and conditions for the development of non-material production. There are the following main branches of the manufacturing sector:

• industry,
• ruraleconomy,
• construction,
• transport,
• trade and catering,
• logistics.

Industry

This industry includes enterprises engaged in the extraction and processing of raw materials, the manufacture of equipment, the production of energy, consumer goods, and other similar organizations, which are the main part of such an area as the manufacturing sector. Branches of the economy related to industry are divided into:

• Power industry. The enterprises included in this group are engaged in the generation and transmission of electrical energy, as well as control over its sale and consumption. Production of products of any kind without organizations carrying out such activities is impossible.
• Metallurgy. This industry, in turn, is divided into two sub-sectors: non-ferrous and ferrous. The first includes enterprises engaged in the extraction of precious metals (gold, silver, platinum), diamonds, copper, nickel, etc. Ferrous metallurgy plants mainly produce steel and cast iron.
• Fuel industry. The structure of this industry includes enterprises engaged in the extraction of coal, oil and gas.
• Chemical industry. Technological productions of this type produce products for various purposes. The latter can be divided into four main categories: basic and speci alty chemicals, consumer goods, life support products.
• Timber industry. To this groupincludes enterprises that harvest logs, produce lumber, as well as paper, pulp, matches, etc.
• Engineering and metalworking. Factories in this area are engaged in the manufacture of equipment, tools and machines.
• Light industry. The enterprises of this group mainly produce consumer goods: clothes, shoes, furniture, etc.
• Building materials industry. The main activity of factories and plants in this industry is the production of products intended for the construction of buildings and structures (concrete mixtures, bricks, blocks, plasters, insulation, waterproofing, etc.
• Glass industry. The structure of this industry includes, among other things, factories for the production of porcelain and faience. Companies in this sub-sector produce dishes, sanitary ware, window glass, mirrors, etc.

All industrial enterprises are classified into two large groups:

• Producing - mines, quarries, mines, wells.
• Processing - combines, factories, workshops.

Agriculture

This is also a very important area of the state's economy, falling under the definition of "industrial sector". Branches of the economy of this direction are primarily responsible for the production and partial processing of food products. They are divided into two groups: animal husbandry and crop production. The structure of the first includes enterprises engaged in:

• Cattle breeding. Raising large and small livestock allowsprovide the population with essential foodstuffs such as meat and milk.
• Pig breeding. The enterprises of this group supply lard and meat to the market.
• Fur farming. Wearables are mainly made from the skins of small animals. A very large percentage of these products are exported.
• Poultry. The agricultural enterprises of this group supply dietary meat, eggs and feathers to the market.

Crop production includes sub-sectors such as:

• Cultivation of cereals. This is the most important sub-sector of agriculture, the most developed in our country. Agricultural enterprises of this group of production areas are engaged in the cultivation of wheat, rye, barley, oats, millet, etc. The degree of provision of the population with such important products as bread, flour, cereals depends on how effectively this industry is developed.
• Vegetable growing. This type of activity in our country is carried out mainly by small and medium-sized organizations, as well as farms.
• Fruit growing and viticulture. It is developed mainly in the southern regions of the country. The agricultural enterprises of this group supply fruits and wines to the market.

Relate to crop production and such sub-sectors as potato growing, flax growing, melon growing, etc.

Industry and agriculture are considered the main sectors of the manufacturing sector. However, an equally important role in the country's economy is played by enterprises and other groups that are closely related to them.interaction.

Construction

Organizations of this group are engaged in the construction of buildings and structures. It can be both household objects, and cultural, administrative or industrial. In addition, construction organizations develop projects for buildings and structures, reconstruct them, expand them, overhaul them, etc.

Absolutely all other branches of the production sphere interact with groups of enterprises of this type. Construction companies can work both on government orders and from specific organizations or individuals.

Transportation

Organizations of this area of the national economy are responsible for the transportation of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products. It includes the following industries:

• Road transport. Companies in this group mainly deliver goods over short distances.
• Marine. This type of transport carries out mainly foreign trade transportation (oil and oil products). In addition, maritime companies serve remote areas of the country.
• Rail transport. Within the developed economic zone, trains are the main means of transport delivering goods over long distances.
• Aviation. Companies in this area of the transport industry are mainly engaged in the transportation of perishable goods.

From the efficiency of the companies of the transport group directlydepends on the success of the functioning of enterprises in such industries as agriculture, industry, construction, etc. In addition to those discussed above, this area of the production sector includes organizations that transport oil, products of its processing, gas, etc.

Trading

An equally important role in the country's economy is played by such industries as:

• wholesale;
• retail;
• catering.

Its subjects are enterprises and organizations involved in the sale of goods produced by industry and agriculture, as well as related works and services. Catering establishments include canteens, barbecues, cafes, restaurants, pizzerias, bistros, etc.

Logistics

The main activity of the subjects of this branch of the production sector is the provision of industrial enterprises, agriculture, etc. with working capital: components, containers, spare parts, quickly wearing equipment and tools, etc. In the group of material and technical also includes organizations involved in supply and marketing.

Thus, the branches of the manufacturing sector, which was defined at the beginning of this article, are the most important components of the national economy. The effectiveness of the development of the country's economy as a whole and, asconsequence, the growth of the well-being of its citizens.