Demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow: plan, schedule. Demolition of five-story buildings in 2015

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Several decades ago, five-story buildings were considered comfortable housing with all the amenities that they could afford in Soviet times. They began to be built in the 50s of the 20th century according to standards that fully met the needs of a person of that era. But in modern conditions, the standards of quality housing are completely different.

For the first time, the possibility of demolishing dilapidated (mostly five-story) housing began to be discussed in the late 90s. Then a decision was made on the need to replace them with modern residential complexes by 2010. The implementation of the program for the demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow was entrusted to the Department of Urban Planning Policy. On the website of this organization there is a map of Moscow, on which five-story buildings to be demolished are marked. The map is systematically updated, which makes it possible to see which buildings have already been demolished and which have not.

Why is the idea of demolishing old houses becoming relevant?

Firstly, people have become bigger than they were then. And now tiny kitchens and corridors, small combined bathroomscan create inconvenience, cause discomfort and a feeling of dissatisfaction. Secondly, people's ideas about adequate housing have changed. Thirdly, against the background of modern buildings, the former five-story buildings look obsolete. And most importantly, the service life of most of these buildings has long expired. It was designed for only 25 years, and the real age of many of them already exceeds 60. Therefore, the question of replacing them has long been raised.

What are the grounds for demolition?

• Deterioration of networks, their low efficiency. Networks do not meet modern requirements for energy efficiency and, moreover, have seriously aged. This applies not only to electrical, water and sewer systems, but also to load-bearing structures, supporting elements. Their wear creates a high risk of accidents.
• High cost of overhaul. In terms of material costs, it is commensurate with the construction of a new house with a lot of amenities. If it is considered expedient, then the life of dilapidated buildings can be increased up to 150 years.
• Small apartments and lack of amenities, including high sound transmission. The convenience factor may not be as important for older residents, but it matters a lot for younger families. In new buildings, apartments are more comfortable to live in.
• Inconspicuous appearance. Old five-story buildings have long gone out of fashion and look rather dull and dull, especially against the backdrop of modern buildings.
• Old houses have narrow balconies andwindows, thin walls, and other common imperfections that modern buildings don't have.
• The demolition of Khrushchev will modernize the transport network, make it more convenient.

Why does not everyone welcome the demolition of five-story buildings?

Although the majority support the idea of moving to new neighborhoods, there are those who wish to stay in the same apartment. A change of residence for many can mean increased travel costs, the need to change old habits, and perhaps even a place of work. There are many negative things associated with moving, and older people are especially sensitive to this. In addition, environmentalists fear that along with the demolition of houses, the trees growing there will also be cut down, and this will worsen the ecological situation in the city.

Program for the demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow: pros and cons

The program was developed by the government of the city of Moscow. It involves the demolition of over a hundred of the most dilapidated Khrushchev. On the site of the demolished buildings, modern residential complexes, institutions for children, sports facilities, green areas will be built or created. Nevertheless, citizens express dissatisfaction with this program due to the insufficiency of the measures taken. The actual number of morally and physically obsolete buildings is significantly greater than what is indicated as objects for demolition.

5-Storey Demolition Program 2015-2020

A more updated version of the program, designed until 2020, involves the replacement of all old high-rise buildings that are in poor technical condition. She iscalled "Demolition of houses in Moscow 2015-2020". In accordance with the demolition plan for five-story buildings, all obsolete high-rise buildings are divided into 2 main categories:

• Multi-storey buildings to be demolished.
• Multi-storey buildings to be preserved.

Inhabitants from the first category of buildings are supposed to be relocated to new buildings under construction, the living space of which meets Moscow standards. The size of the new apartment in square meters corresponds to the size of the old one. The same applies to the number of rooms. At the same time, the price of a new apartment is often higher than the price of the old one. This is achieved by attracting city funds.

The program for the demolition of five-story buildings involves the replacement of a quarter of the housing stock in the city of Moscow.

Which houses are not covered by the resettlement program?

The most durable buildings will not be demolished. These are, first of all, structures made of reinforced concrete panels, as well as bricks and blocks. They have a longer service life, strong walls, good thermal insulation. Most of them were built in the 60s and 70s of the XX century. After 40 years of use, they were only 20 percent worn.

The demolition of five-story buildings of unbearable series can only be applied to those of them that are in the worst technical condition. The remaining houses from these categories will be renovated. Some houses are proposed to be completed.

Pros of new buildings

Apartments in new buildings are characterized by improvedlayout and have more amenities. They have large halls, three elevators, including two with enhanced performance. The rooms are well finished and square in shape. The first floor is adapted for the disabled. The eighteenth floor has spacious apartments adapted for large families.

Energy efficiency indicators are also up to date: double-glazed windows on the windows, good thermal insulation, LED lamps, the ability to regulate the temperature of the batteries.

The protection of houses is provided by an alarm system. At the entrance to the house is a specially hired employee.

What will new settlers get in return for their former housing?

Residents of two-room apartments will become owners of apartments of similar size in a new building. At the same time, the layout in new apartments will be more convenient for residents. The size of the family does not matter: only the original living space is important. However, if the property has been queued for redevelopment, then the size of the new apartment will be calculated based on 18 square meters per person.

If a citizen lived in a communal apartment, then in the new house he will be given a separate apartment. The main rule is the resettlement of people in new complexes under construction. But if you write an application, you can become the owner of secondary housing.

The law on the demolition of dilapidated buildings does not provide for any financial manipulation, for example, an additional payment for better housing. It is considered illegal.

Progress of work

Demolition has begunfive-story buildings in Moscow in 2015. Work was carried out simultaneously on 40 buildings. During the first quarter, 16 buildings were demolished. During the year, 2,648 families were relocated to new apartments. In 2016, work began to fall far behind schedule. It was planned to resettle 8,019 families. Until May 1, 2016, 671 families were supposed to receive new housing. However, the demolition of five-story buildings in ZAO affected only 9 houses out of 35 proposed for demolition. In the northwestern district, 8 buildings out of the planned 12 were demolished. In the northern district, work was carried out on 9 out of the 24 planned. In the southern and eastern parts of the capital, the gap was the largest.

Reasons behind demolition schedule

The process of demolition of dilapidated houses is not carried out in full, which is due to reasons such as:

• Change of power in the capital.
• Deterioration of the economic situation in the country.
• Retired protests.
• A large number of dissatisfied tenants.
• Difficulty in the process of demolition and the high cost of such work in densely built areas.
• Part of the houses were found fit for further use.

Thus, the schedule for the demolition of five-story buildings was not fully completed.