2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16
Due to the fact that the efficiency of solving tasks depends on the competent use of the gabion and the choice of stone filler, the choice of material must be approached with all responsibility. Experts recommend the use of natural or artificial stone of coarse crushing, which meets the requirements for shape, composition, size and characteristics. The choice of stone is determined by the type of structure, which can be underwater or surface. Sometimes it is acceptable to use local material.
Selection of stone by shape and material
If you need a stone for gabions, then you should use the experience of the majority and choose the most popular material, which is a hard igneous rock, namely:
- bas alt;
- granite;
- diorite;
- quartzite.
Sandstone and other metamorphic rocks, which are highly durable and stable, are allowed. The form very often does not matter, because only decorative structures shouldhave a certain shape of the material, while for functional landscape structures the size matters, which should be greater than the parameters of the gabion cells.
Gem size
When choosing a stone for gabions that will serve as bank protection, one should be guided by the rule that says: the design must be as reliable and efficient as possible. Other challenges are the durability and feasibility of using the structure. In this case, it is important to carefully consider the choice of stone fraction.
For surface gabions, it must exceed the size of the grid cell by 30% or more. For underwater structures, the size of the stone should be 50% larger than the grid cell, the same applies to filling gabions that will be used in areas with variable water levels. Usually gabions are not filled with material, the fraction of which exceeds 250 mm. For use in areas with wave loads, the filling provides for the placement of a stone at 2/3 of the height. For uniform filling of the cavity, it is permissible to use 10% of the total volume of filler of substandard stone material of a less impressive fraction in accordance with the project.
Selection of stone according to characteristics
When choosing a stone for gabions, you should also pay attention to its characteristics. The main ones are stability and durability. The latter must be equal to M1000 or more. As for frost resistance, it should not be lower than F150.
If you decide to purchase granite filler, you should clarify the degree of radioactivity, because imported stone may not meet Russian standards. After a competent calculation of retaining walls and protective structures, as well as the choice of stone, it is possible to solve the most complex problems of territorial planning, decorative improvement and reinforcement.
Select by additional characteristics
A stone for gabions, in addition to the above characteristics, must also meet additional ones. Among other features, it is necessary to highlight the specific gravity, which must necessarily be increased. Experts recommend using a material with this characteristic starting from 17.5 kN/m3. If you decide to build a hydraulic structure, then this parameter should be equal to 23 kN/m3 or more. In this case, the structure will be immersed in water. It is also important to pay attention to the resistance to blurring. This parameter is determined by water absorption, which must be at least 0.6%.
Choose a stone with good hardness, this parameter is determined by the Protodyakonov scale and should not be less than 19. If you decide to build a fence of stones, gabions can be filled with material with a certain softening coefficient. It determines the reduction in strength when immersed in water. This coefficient should not exceed 0.9, which is true for igneous and metamorphic rocks. As for sedimentary ones, the softening coefficient for them should be0.8 or less. Such a stone can be used for operation in hydraulic structures.
If you plan to fill gabions with stone, you should pay attention to the loss of mass of material. It determines the stability of the structure against decay and should not exceed 10%. Particular attention should be paid to environmental cleanliness. There is no need to rush to purchase gabion filler, which is too cheap, even if its appearance is impeccable. When there is no certificate for the material, this may indicate its radioactivity. Stones can simply be dangerous not only for he alth, but also for the environment.
Glass stone
Glass stone for gabions can be one of the best solutions for infilling a structure. This material has a size ranging from 1 to 30 cm. When using it, you can take into account the main property of glass, which is expressed in the ability to transmit light. This opens up many interesting possibilities.
When exposed to sunlight, the effect of refraction is obtained, which makes the edges beautifully iridescent. You can change the color illumination by playing with the light, then the same stones will look different at certain times of the day. It is noteworthy that this stone is environmentally friendly, as it is natural, so it can be used close to a person.
You can choose glass in several shades, sometimes these stones are made to order. As an alternative solution, manufacturers offer evensmall polished pebbles, which are glass pebbles of an angular shape. They resemble fine-grained rubble and can be an excellent decor item. Grinding is carried out using a special technology, so it is impossible to cut yourself on pebbles. Such crushed stone can also have sharp edges, and its price is 100 rubles. per kilogram, the final cost depends on the size, processing and color.
Alternative solutions: rubble stone
Another excellent solution for filling gabions is rubble stone. Its price per ton is 1350 rubles. In this case, we are talking about a material whose fraction varies from 20 to 40 mm. If the size of the stone is 5-20 mm, then you will have to pay 1400 rubles for it. per ton. When the dimensions of the elements increase to 70-150 mm, the price becomes equal to 1450 rubles. per ton.
Usually rubble stone for gabions is made from the following rocks:
- sandstone;
- schist;
- gray-pink granite;
- quartzite;
- quartzite-sandstone;
- porphyrite.
Usually the shape of rubble fillers is round or rectangular, but materials with a polygonal shape can be used. It all depends on the project and conditions. Sometimes stones of a certain shape are required, but this factor is not decisive for the filler.
Conclusion
Granite stone for gabions also belongs to the described class, its dimensions, as a rule, range from 7 to 25 cm, less often - 40 cm. For a project, youYou can also order material of the same or different sizes, but the minimum dimensions should be 30-50% larger than the cell size. Slots and voids are usually left between rubble stones, which are not clogged with sand and earth.
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