Common beans: description, photo

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Common bean is a plant from the legume family that came to us from America. Currently, the culture is cultivated in all countries of the world and is able to adapt to any climatic conditions. Beans are demanding on fertile soils and like to grow in well-lit areas. According to its nutritional properties, it is considered an analogue of meat.

General Description

The description of the common bean can be divided into two points, because there are two main types of this cultivated plant.

Short. A culture with a straight stem about 60 cm high. It is surrounded on all sides by long cuttings, each of which has 3 leaves attached. An inflorescence is formed in almost every sinus. The color palette of this plant is gradually replenished due to the breeding of new varieties of seed beans. It starts flowering in June and ends in August, depending on its classification.

Curly. During flowering, common beans are able to turn a garden plot into a greenhouse. Rows of tied curly hair look especially beautiful.culture. The stems wrap around ropes or trellises and reach a length of up to 4 meters. The fruits are hanging, like those of a stunted plant. This type of bean is more rational, as it does not take up much space.

Detailed description

The organs of the common bean: stem, root, leaves, flowers, pods and seeds. Detailed specifications vary slightly due to varieties and many plant varieties.

Stem. Herbaceous stem, which, after reaching a certain maturity of the bush, becomes stiff near the root system. It comes in green, purple, gray and pinkish colors. Bush beans branch out.

Root. The root system of beans cannot be called powerful. Most of the main roots are located in the upper layer of the soil, and only a few reach its depths. Individual branches penetrate the soil by about 1 meter.

Leaves. Very diverse, depending on the variety of beans. In crops with dark seed color, the petioles are purple and the leaves are darker. The leaf itself is heart-shaped and covered with a barely noticeable fluff.

Flowers. Arranged in pairs on peduncles forming separate brushes. Inflorescences are purple, pink, white, lilac and bright orange. Individual flowers resemble the shape of a moth.

Pods. In the axils of the leaves, after the flowers fall, beans begin to set, mostly green. They can be either straight or oblong.

Seeds. Oval fruiting bodies sit in recesses on the valves3-5 pieces.

Useful fruits

The fruits of the common bean are interesting because they are used as non-waste raw materials. Here are 2 areas of application for the fruits of an annual crop.

Food. Many are accustomed to the fact that only the seeds are the edible part of the beans. But few people know that the leaves of the plant can also be eaten. Some varieties of beans are grown for this purpose. From young beans, dishes are prepared without taking out the inside. They are simply cut and then used to prepare various recipes. This enables the human body to replenish the supply of useful elements, both from the outer part of the beans and from its inner contents.

Useful substances that make up the valves: choline, betoin, lysine, leucine, tyrosine, tryptophan, flavones, asparanin, hemicellulose and a complex of macro- and microelements.

Medicine. Dried leaves are included in the herbal formulations of pharmacy fees. Basically, these are blood-purifying drugs.

As a folk remedy, sash is used to treat diseases such as diabetes, rheumatism, dropsy, hypertension and some kidney diseases.

Bean flour is used to treat eczema and other skin conditions.

Benefits of bean seeds

The variety of common bean seeds is simply amazing. This is both their size and their coloration. Seeds are white and black. There are beans with spots and all kinds of stains.

Seedsplants can be called a balanced product. Knowledgeable people classify them as meat dishes. The reason for this is the content of the amount of proteins equal to meat. The presence of fats and carbohydrates characterizes the fruits of the plant as a necessary vital product. Saccharides, starch and dietary fiber add versatility to the benefits of seeds.

Composition of useful substances: iron, phosphorus, arginine, sulfur, magnesium, zinc, vitamins PP, E and group B.

Eating common beans strengthens the body as a whole, normalizes heart rate, and reduces the risk of respiratory diseases.

The presence of fiber has a positive effect on bowel function.

Since beans are good for the skin condition, they are included in some cosmetic products.

How to cook common beans

The fruits of grain beans are quite hard. Before cooking, they must first be soaked for 3-4 hours. Cook until soft over low heat.

To speed up the cooking process, periodically add cold water until the beans are ready. You can make puree from it.

Seeds of the plant canned. They can also be fried and stewed, before that they are boiled until half cooked.

Asparagus beans

Asparagus beans are similar in composition to common beans. Due to the content of trace elements and vitamins, the plant brings enormous benefits to human he alth. Some differences:

• Quality,showing the difference between asparagus beans and common beans is the color of the pods. If the first one has green color in different colors, then the second one has a wider range of colors. Asparagus beans are found in purple, black, yellow and green colors.
• What color the pods will have depends on the inflorescences. White flowers produce a yellow pod, yellow flowers green, purple flowers lilac, and red flowers with reddish streaks.
• Asparagus beans have a slightly different shape of beans. They are narrow and small.
• The difference between the asparagus bean bush and the common bean lies in its abundant and dense greenery. The beans hang in large numbers on strong stems 3 to 4 meters long.
• If you remove the beans a little early, then another wave of inflorescences and pods will follow.
• In case of a delay in harvesting, you do not need to worry that the fruits will coarsen. They remain oily and delicate in taste and do not lose their beneficial qualities.
• The difference between asparagus beans is that they can be eaten raw. Dairy seeds are eaten along with the wings.

By their properties, the fruits of asparagus beans are the owners of nutrients, but at the same time contain few calories. This is in the hands of those who want to lose weight, but not stay hungry.

In the photo with common beans and asparagus, which are attached to this article, you can see the external differences between these crops.

How to cook green beans

Because most dishes are cookedfrom young pods, then most often it is frozen. Under such conditions, it retains its beneficial properties.

Some housewives cut young bean pods and boil them before freezing.

Beans are sometimes left on the bushes until fully ripe. Then the seeds are removed, dried and stored until winter. They are prepared in the same way as regular beans.

Contraindications

A useful product can be harmful in diseases such as colitis, stomach ulcers, gastritis, pancreatitis and cholecystitis.

With exacerbation of intestinal diseases, beans are especially undesirable. It promotes the formation and accumulation of gases.

It is of great importance in what quantities he althy seeds are used for food. Perhaps, with some of the listed diseases in small portions, it will be acceptable. It is necessary to consult a doctor in such matters. Do not forget that beans are rich in nutrients and strengthen weakened immunity.

Conclusion

Common beans contain all the necessary substances for human life. The use of such a product will help to enrich the diet and increase your efficiency. People who do not really like the taste of beans should reconsider their preferences. There are many different recipes that can change its taste.