Division of labor is the separation of different activities

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

The division of labor is a criterion applicable both on a national scale and separately to each of its citizens. Today we will talk about exactly what forms it exists and how it affects the final results of an enterprise or an industrial sector.

Division of labor across the state

Considering the development of the economy of any country, you can see that certain areas of it, as a rule, support some basic type of production. So, for example, the northern part of Russia is associated with the timber industry. Its products in the form of paper, cardboard and timber itself are exported to other parts of the country. Western Siberia is the main supplier of gas and oil, while the Central regions, the Urals and the Volga region are the stronghold of industry.

In each state, extractive industries, agricultural, trade and financial areas, etc. can be clearly distinguished. The specialization of each of them, as a rule, is obvious, which indicates the territorial division of labor.

This phenomenon is based on the proximity to the raw material base, the historically established specialization or the economic justification of this production. Together with the division into branches, it is included in the framework of the social division of labor.

Functional division of labor

And within each production process there is a single division of labor. It provides for the functional separation of personnel, based on the work performed and its content.

In all labor processes, workers of a different plan are involved. They, depending on the functions performed, can be divided into workers, employees, specialists, maintenance personnel, managers, etc. Each of them contributes to the work of the entire enterprise as a whole.

Subject to planning, clear organization and control, an enterprise or institution will start working with maximum profit. That is, the functional division of labor is such a delimitation in which each of the participants in the activity performs a certain work, verified within the general framework, which allows the entire plant or office to develop, generate income and, in turn, be a functional part of the activity of any industry state as a whole.

Examples of division of labor

The main problem of the functional division of labor is the definition of each of the participants in the process by professional qualities, level of specialization, the possibility of combining individual functions within the enterprise. For this, the followingforms of division of labor:

• Professional. It implies separation according to the content of the work performed and depending on the speci alty received.
• Technological. Divides the participants of the same production process into separate groups that perform a specific operation.
• Qualifying division of labor is a form determined by the level of skill and production experience of the participants in any process. To assess this, a tariff scale is used, which makes it possible to clearly identify the experience and depth of knowledge of a specialist in his field.

The variety of forms and varieties of the division of labor both throughout society and at a separate enterprise creates the need to coordinate and regulate intersectoral or intra-institutional relations.