Fishing boats: types

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Fishing boats are boats, boats or ships with which people fish, whales, seals, as well as any other animals that can live in the sea, ocean, lake, river, etc.

General information

Currently, there are approximately four million commercial fishing vessels in the Russian Federation. However, it is very important to note here that it is almost impossible to calculate the actual number of vessels that are used for fishing, since many people are engaged in private fishing.

The history of the development of fishing is quite long. Today, this occupation has grown into a full-fledged industrial sector. This development led to the fact that different types of fishing boats were invented by people. There are such species as trawler, floating base, drifter, seiner, tuna and other fishing vessels. It is worth noting that it was commercial fishing boats that were the first to be equipped with technology such as radio navigational devices to help locate a school of fish.

Division into classes. Drifter

Fishingboats are currently divided into several classes depending on their size, as well as the way they are fished.

There is such a class as a drifter. This ship belongs to small and medium tonnage ship types. The name of this ship comes from the English word drift, which means drift. It was named so not by chance, but because fishing is carried out while the ship is drifting calmly. Catching prey is carried out due to a flat net, which can reach a height of 3 to 15 meters, and its length can reach 5 km. The design features of this type of ship include the fact that it has a low side, as well as a lot of free space in the bow of the deck. This location is for the location of devices that are sampling the network.

Trawler

Fishing trawlers are considered one of the most common types of ships. In order to increase the number of fish caught in one run, these large vessels use trawl nets - trawls. Also on these vessels, the primary processing of all caught prey takes place. Currently, all fishing vessels belonging to this type are equipped with refrigeration units and freezers, which are designed to store the caught fish while the crew is still at sea. It is worth noting here that there are several subclasses of the trawler. The main difference between these species is the way they fish.

It happensside trawl fishing trawler, stern trawl fishing trawler, large fishing trawler, large autonomous trawler, etc. As their name implies, the difference between most ships lies in the placement of the trawl, which changes the process of catching fish.

It is worth noting that vacancies for work on fishing vessels are very rare. Despite the fact that the work is very hard, even ordinary sailors are paid good money for it.

Tierbars

The next type of fishing was longline fishing. Using this method involves hunting for fish such as cod, tuna, halibut, pollock. The essence of this method lies in the fact that hook tackle with bait descends into the sea. This tackle is attached to a long cable, which is called a tier. For this reason, all ships using this method of fishing are called longliners.

While the vessel is heading to the point where the fish will be caught, the crew is baiting the hooks. The length of the coward can be up to 5 km. In this case, there are approximately 4,500 hooks that need to be baited. In order to lower tackle with hooks to the very bottom, where the fish feed, anchors are used. However, there are also more advanced offshore fishing vessels such as longliners. Modernization consists in the fact that on board the ship there is an automatic system for putting bait on hooks. The bait speed reaches four hooks per second.

Seiner

Seiners are fishing boats whose sailors leadfishing using a method such as a purse seine. This seine is lifted out of the water by the ship's cargo crane. This method is used very actively for catching fish such as herring. The largest catch can be obtained in the spring if you fish in the city of Sitka, located in Alaska. By its design, the seiner is the simplest fishing vessel with one deck, as well as a superstructure, which is slightly offset towards the bow of the ship. At the stern of the vessel there is a working space where the seine is stored and processed, and there is also a turntable from which it is swept out during fishing. It is also worth noting that the seiner usually tows a small motor boat behind it. In order to detect a large flock of herring while fishing, this vessel has an echo sounder.

Floating bases

Most often it happens that a fishing vessel unloads its catch on a fish processing ship. This category is considered the most numerous, and it usually functions far from the coast. On board such vessels there is always a place for storage, as well as for processing fish. Among the characteristics of such ships, one can single out the fact that their maximum carrying capacity can reach from 2,000 to 3,000 tons. In addition, such facilities have on board equipment that is quite capable of carrying out all fish processing processes, including cleaning, cutting, freezing, etc.

The number of crew that serves and works on this ship reaches 90 people. Photos of fishing vessels of this type are always easier to find than others, since the dimensions of this category of ship are much larger than the others. It is worth noting that such ships spend quite a long time in those areas where fish are fished, and therefore they are most often equipped with floating bases. These bases host fleet administration, crew rest areas, hospitals and ground communications facilities.

Harpoon vessels or dredges

The use of harpoon vessels is justified only in hunting very large game. Most often this game is whales. Such vessels are equipped with large harpoons, to the ends of which a rope is attached, and the tip has either pointed ends or swivel paws. It is worth noting here that whale fishing is most often carried out by more than one vessel. Whole whaling fleets are used for this, and the storage and processing of prey is carried out on floating bases.

However, at present, whale fishing is prohibited by almost all countries except Japan, Iceland and Norway. Fishing is a very lucrative activity, but be prepared to spend most of the year at sea.