Types and diameters of metal pipes. Metal pipes of large diameters

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Steel pipe is a cylindrical tube and is the most used product in the steel industry. The main use of steel pipes is to transport oil, gas and water over long distances. In household appliances, such as refrigerators, ordinary steel pipes are used, as well as in heating and water supply systems. Steel pipes are available in a variety of sizes and can also be applied to structural requirements (hand rails and pipe pins).

Main species

Metal pipes are distinguished by the most basic parameter - their diameter. It is possible to correctly calculate the transportation of a particular liquid through a pipe only by knowing the thickness of the pipe walls and its diameter. Masters often rely on time-tested and experienced calculations in their work. The standard diameters of metal pipes are very helpful when choosing the installation option for one or anotherpipeline.

Before proceeding with the classification of pipes by diameter and the direct purpose associated with this parameter, you need to find out what characteristics the pipe has. They are needed when calculating the system that will be laid from pipes, its throughput and to maintain operability under loads.

Types of diameters

There are several types of pipe diameters:

1. Nominal - this is the diameter, determined by the inner wall, calculated in millimeters, sometimes it is rounded in inches.
2. Rated.
3. Outer. On this basis, pipes are classified into small, medium and large, as well as sizes - from 102 mm to 426 mm, and above. A metal pipe with a diameter of 50 mm, according to this classification, is small.
4. Internal. This parameter is very important for butt joints, the so-called fittings.
5. The wall thickness of the pipe is not the most important, but an indispensable indicator in any calculations.

Metal pipes of large diameters are now in great competition with plastic counterparts. They are also available in different diameters, but manufacturers try to adhere to existing standards so that systems can be docked without additional effort.

Diameter unit

An ordinary consumer is unlikely to immediately orient himself in the classification and marking of pipes not only from metal, but also from plastic. If you can still decide on the outer or inner diameter, then with its value it is more difficult. If sheindicated in millimeters, then everything is simple, but with inches it is not immediately clear. Professionals are used to the fact that the designation comes with such a “″” symbol, it is indicated after the numbers, often inches are determined with fractions, but you need to get used to it. Converting the diameter of metal pipes to centimeters is not so difficult, just multiply the desired figure by 2.54. If the figure is not a whole number, then it is customary to round it up.

You should measure the diameters of metal pipes yourself. When buying, this parameter can be viewed on the label, but there are cases when it is necessary to measure already installed communications in order to partially replace them. To do this, you will need the following information.

Define parameters

Finding out the diameter of a pipe is elementary, you just need to measure it. This does not require special devices and tools, a tape measure or tape is enough. She needs to wrap the pipe and write down the result, then do the usual calculation: multiply the resulting number by Pi, that is, its value is 3.1415. For example, if after measuring it turned out 4 cm, multiplying by Pi, we get 12.56 mm.

You can find out the inner diameter yourself, for this you need to know the wall thickness of the pipe. If there is a cut, then it is easy to do: just attach a ruler with a millimeter value to the end and write down the result. Any data obtained is multiplied by two, and then subtracted from the outer diameter that you find earlier. Masters often have a caliper at hand: you need to attach it to the pipe and seeresult on the scale.

Large Diameters

Metallurgical enterprises produce pipes for various purposes, large diameters, which are used in various fields of activity. For example, in heating plants, industry and shipbuilding, as well as in road construction, for sewerage and drainage, bridge building. There are pipes with a very large diameter, which are used in a specific direction, for example, in the transportation of gas or oil products, as well as in the diversion of the riverbed during construction.

Diameters of metal pipes are important to consider during construction, especially if they are large. The length of the pipeline depends on this parameter. Despite the purpose of the pipe, it is mandatory to cover it with compounds that reduce corrosion. Systems of large pipes are difficult to install and operate, all because they are difficult to bend, turning sections require careful welding and calculation. It is difficult to work underground with such structures and troubleshoot problems that occur during operation.

Pipes of large diameter according to GOST have different deviations than pipes of smaller diameter. For example, if the wall thickness is up to 12 mm, then the value fluctuation can be up to 0.8, both up and down. Large batches of such pipes are indicated in total weight, so there may be significant discrepancies in the documents and the actual wall thickness if it is checked directly at the facility.

Price

Metal pipes, the diameters and price of which are highly dependent on each other, differ in cost:

• steel profile square pipe from 40 rubles per linear meter - up to 5697 rubles (it all depends on the diameter and wall thickness);
• rectangular profile pipe from 40 rubles. per linear meter - up to 611 rubles;
• VGP steel pipe from 73 rubles. per meter - up to 595 rubles.

These are estimates and may vary by region. The cost of a particular profile depends on its purpose, on what steel it is made of, what kind of protective coating is applied to metal pipes. Diameters, price - these are two parameters that determine the purpose of the pipe, its quality. Different prices exist for wholesale buyers, large companies or individuals. Black, non-galvanized pipes are suitable for the gas pipeline, but galvanized pipes with diameters from 50 to 150 mm are intended for drainage and plumbing.

The production of large diameter steel pipes requires compliance with all norms and rules, so they are subject to quality control. They must withstand significant bending, crushing and high pressure loads.