Grapes. Reproduction at home

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

The dream of many summer residents is to grow tasty and very he althy grapes on their plot. Reproduction of a plant in Siberia is not obtained by everyone. The culture came to this region recently, and there is not enough cultivation experience. But in the southern regions, where climatic conditions allow growing luxurious grapes, its reproduction is not difficult. There are many experienced growers with a light hand - they stuck a chubuk into the ground, and after 2-3 weeks it begins to turn into a vine.

Methods of propagation of grapes

It is grown from seeds, cuttings (they are called chibouks), layering and grafting. Which of these methods is the best? Let's start in order. The first method is suitable only for obtaining decorative grapes for decorating arbors and arches. Plants from seeds develop for a very long time - it will take 5 or even 6 years until they become fruitful. But the grapes will be wild - with sour and tasteless berries. The fact is that a plant from a seed will not repeat all the qualities of a variety. Therefore, do not buy seedlings fromstrangers. Their grapes can be grown from the seed.

The best and most common method for beginner gardeners is to propagate grapes at home with cuttings, or, as they are often called, chibouks. Cuttings are harvested from annual shoots during autumn pruning when preparing the vine for shelter for the winter. The shoot is cleaned of leaves, inspect whether the bark and eyes (buds) are well formed. From the middle or lower part of the shoot with a diameter of 7-10 cm, 40-centimeter cuttings are cut. The lower cut is made immediately under the lower eye, and the upper one, retreating from the upper eye by 2 cm.

Harvested cuttings are soaked for 20 hours in water with a temperature of +15…+18 degrees Celsius. This is necessary to ensure a supply of moisture in the cuttings so that they do not dry out during storage before planting. Then, to protect against mold, the cuttings are lowered into a solution of 5% iron sulfate for an hour or two. After that, the cuttings are allowed to dry slightly, tied in bunches, wrapped in wet burlap, placed in plastic bags, which are tightly tied, labeled with the name of the variety. The cuttings are stored in a cool, dry basement with a temperature of +2…+5 degrees Celsius.

At the end of January, for three weeks, the cuttings are released and the lower part is covered with wet sawdust from softwood, moistening regularly. During this time, callus will form on the cuttings - the primary root tissue. In advance, you need to prepare pots (boxes) for planting by filling them with a mixture of equal parts of sand,compost and peat. Cuttings with roots are planted in prepared containers and put on the window, periodically watering with water, you can feed it with complex fertilizer like "Kemira" (1 tsp per 3 liters of water).

For better rooting, you can cover the cuttings with glass jars, periodically removing them, accustoming the seedlings to the air. When spring frosts pass, rooted cuttings with leaves are planted in the ground, trying not to destroy the earthen ball on the roots. Water the seedlings first every 2-3 days, not allowing the soil to dry out, and then as needed. Grapes can be harvested from a bush grown from a cutting in a year or two.

Propagation by layering and grafting can be done in several ways. To perform such work, you need to have gardening experience. In short: to get a bush from a layer, you need an adult plant. Vaccinations are done if there is a desire to grow non-hardy varietal grapes. Reproduction in this case will occur from the root system of a winter-hardy variety that can withstand low negative temperatures.