The best varieties of tomatoes for open ground and greenhouses: characteristics, description, photo

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

Real gardeners prepare for the summer season long before the onset of spring. Some of them want to sow seeds on their own and wait for the first shoots to appear. Others prefer to buy ready-made seedlings. But they all want to get a rich, luxurious harvest. To find the best varieties of fruits, vegetables and berries, a constant exchange of experience is necessary. In this review, we will focus on high-yielding varieties of greenhouse tomatoes. It is these plants that allow for abundant early harvest in each area.

Favorite vegetable

Today, the owners of summer cottages grow various vegetables. It will not be a secret for anyone: in order to get a good harvest, it is necessary to provide the plants with proper care, namely: timely watering, protection from pests and sunlight. For many gardeners, one of the most beloved vegetables is the tomato. Greenhouses and greenhouses are mainly used for its cultivation. Thanks to the efforts of breeders, it was possible to bring out a huge number of species with excellent characteristics. Usually, the description of tomato varieties includes taste, color, fruit shape, as well as variousfeatures.

Polycarbonate greenhouses

Different varieties of tomatoes today are most often grown in greenhouses made of a durable transparent material called "polycarbonate". What are the main advantages of these structures? Any gardener dreams of growing tasty, he althy and environmentally friendly fruits. But to get such a result, you must first create a comfortable environment for the plants. The greenhouse in this case will be more useful than ever. Usually glass and polyethylene are used for the construction of greenhouses. Recently, however, polycarbonate has become popular. It is believed that this is a more advanced material. Many gardeners today have already managed to appreciate all the advantages of this coating.

Here are just a few of them:

• from polycarbonate, you can build a structure of any shape without the help of specialists;
• this material is characterized by maximum sunlight transmission;
• coating resistant to mechanical damage;
• long service life (approximately two decades);
• attractive appearance;
• moisture resistant.

In many regions of our country, including the Moscow region, such designs are very successful.

How to choose seeds for a greenhouse?

How to choose the best varieties of tomatoes for greenhouses? There are a number of recommendations, the observance of which will help to grow a rich harvest:

1. It is recommended to buy varieties that are highly resistant todevelopment of harmful microorganisms.
2. It is better to choose self-pollinated varieties of tomatoes. This is due to the fact that insect access to the greenhouse is difficult, so pollination of bushes can cause certain problems.
3. You shouldn't grow several crops in one greenhouse. Even if you choose high-yielding varieties, it is unlikely that you will be able to achieve a good result.

Types of tomatoes for greenhouses

Conditionally the best varieties of tomatoes for greenhouses can be divided into two categories:

• determinant;
• indeterminate.

Each of these groups has its own growing habits. Before buying seeds or seedlings, you need to familiarize yourself with them. For determinant varieties, bushes of small size are characteristic. As a rule, they grow to a certain height, and then they begin to give all the nutrients for the formation of fruits.

Openwork tomatoes

One of the most common varieties on the territory of our country is considered "openwork". These tomatoes (description of the variety, photos and reviews of which will be discussed in this section) are resistant to most diseases characteristic of this vegetable. In shape, it is a large fruit with dense skin.

According to gardeners, the flesh of vegetables is fragrant, with a slightly sweet taste. Tomatoes of this variety are suitable both for fresh consumption and for harvesting pickles.

Tomatoes "Spring of the North"

Pink tomatoes are very popular in our country. Feature and descriptionvarieties "spring of the north" indicate that the fruits have a dense skin, which makes it possible to easily transport them over long distances and store them for a long time. This variety is highly resistant to various diseases. However, this does not mean at all that he does not need additional fertilizers and top dressings.

Indeterminate

Varieties belonging to this category can be grown all year round in a greenhouse. The only exceptions are frosty and snowy winters. Tomatoes of these varieties are resistant to serious temperature changes. The following is a detailed description of some varieties related to determinants.

Octopus

If you have the opportunity to provide a good heating system in the greenhouse, then you may well grow the octopus variety even in winter. The fruits have a pronounced red color. The shape of the vegetable is closer to oval. Many gardeners are experimenting with this variety by growing whole tomato trees.

Major

Characteristics of varieties of tomatoes "major" describes the fruits of bright red color with dense pulp. Thanks to their thick skins, vegetables can withstand long distance transportation very well. This is a great variety that makes it possible to grow a magnificent crop in any area of our country.

Greenhouse varieties for the Moscow region

If you study in more detail the description of varieties of tomatoes for greenhouses, you can find out that their cultivation is allowed in almost all regions of the country. However, there are a number of varieties that enjoy specialpopularity in the Moscow region. Let's look at just a few of them.

1. "Pink honey". This variety of tomatoes, photos of which can be seen below, were developed by Russian breeders. For example, the variety "pink honey" was created by specialists from the West Siberian region. It is excellent for growing in greenhouses. Tomatoes of this species are large in size and heart-shaped. In terms of taste, they simply have no equal. Fruits are formed not only on the lower brushes, but also on subsequent ones, and their total weight reaches one kilogram.



In greenhouse conditions, the bush can reach a height of 1.5 m. However, the tomato of this variety is not very resistant to a number of diseases. But despite this, many gardeners near Moscow consider it an ideal option. It is especially suitable for polycarbonate greenhouses.

2. Oxheart. The most popular today are high-yielding varieties of tomatoes for greenhouses. "Ox's heart" has an average ripening period. The bush is quite massive and high - up to 1.5 meters. 4-5 brushes are formed on the main stem, each of which grows four half-kilogram fruits. The shape of the tomatoes is cone-shaped, the color is raspberry-pink. The pulp is very dense and fleshy, with excellent taste characteristics. These tomatoes are perfect for fresh consumption. Gardeners emphasize that this variety does not require special care. Even beginners can get a great harvest.
3. "Blagovest". Tomatoes of this variety have been successfully grown in our country for a long time.country. In many books on gardening you can find its description. This plant belongs to the determinant type. The bush reaches an average height of 1.5 meters, while it may require a garter. On each brush, from 7 to 9 fruits are formed. Tomatoes have a somewhat flattened shape. The mass of the fetus is approximately 110-120 grams. Tomatoes of this variety can be consumed both fresh and for the preparation of pickles and marinades.
4. "Intuition". Why is this tomato so good? Photos of the variety, reviews and description are probably familiar to experienced vegetable growers. This vegetable is easy to care for and high yield. Fruits have ideally equal form and fine appearance. To collect tomatoes from the bush, according to experienced summer residents, you can use whole brushes.



5. "Kostroma". This hybrid is of interest to gardeners because of its excellent taste characteristics. Farmers prefer this variety because of its precocity. It has an early and rich harvest. In height, the bush "Kostroma" can reach two meters. Fruits of bright red color have a slightly flattened rounded shape. The weight of the fetus is approximately 150 grams. This size allows the use of this variety for conservation. In addition, the plant is highly resistant to changes in temperature and humidity.
6. Rosemary. This is a hybrid variety characterized by an average ripening period. It has a high yield and excellent taste characteristics. The fruits have a slightly sweet taste, so even children will surely like it. This feature of the variety allows it to be used for dietary and baby food. Rosemary tomatoes are impressive in size and weight. Their shape is round, slightly flattened, there is a slight unevenness in the region of the stalk. Those who have already had to grow rosemary in a greenhouse speak of the many advantages of this variety of tomatoes. This is a great plant that can be recommended even to beginners. However, due to its size, "rosemary" is unfortunately not very suitable for homemade preparations.

Planting tomatoes in a greenhouse: features

If you want to use an old greenhouse for planting tomatoes, then the room should be disinfected before starting work. Greenhouses with a wooden color need to be fumigated with sulfur. It destroys harmful bacteria, infections and fungi. Sulfur must not be burned in metal-framed greenhouses as this can cause corrosion. For processing in this case, a special chlorine-containing disinfectant solution is used. After treatment, the room must be tightly closed for three days. After that, the greenhouse is ventilated and cleaned.

It is best to use seedlings older than 50 days for planting. In seedlings, three days before planting, it is necessary to remove the three lower leaves. The result is a stump about two centimeters long. When planting, the soil temperature should be at least 13 degrees. As for the soil, its experts recommend changing it every five years. Just during such a period, the soil is depleted. In the off-season, the soil must be disinfected with coppervitriol.

Many gardeners prefer early varieties of tomatoes for open ground. For them, the beds begin to prepare in the fall. The optimal height value in this case is 40 cm. As for the type of land, turf or humus is best suited. Also, for each meter of soil, you must add a tablespoon of carbide, potassium magnesia, potassium sulfate and sodium nitrate.

After planting, the seedlings should not be disturbed for the first few days. Then the soil should be slightly loosened. The main thing is to maintain constant humidity and temperature in the greenhouse. In addition, regular ventilation is necessary. This is especially important during flowering. In this case, the condensate on the walls should not remain. Too wet soil will reduce the fleshiness of the fruit and make them watery. Watering should be plentiful and frequent. The bush takes about 5 liters of water. During fruiting, the plants are watered three times a week.

All varieties of tomatoes need additional feeding. The first time this procedure is carried out 20 days after disembarkation.

Conclusion

Such a vegetable as a tomato has become widespread in our country, and various varieties of tomato are popular. Despite the fact that each of them is unique in its own way, there are a number of general recommendations that relate to the cultivation of this vegetable. If you follow them exactly, you will always have a rich harvest.