Self-propelled jib crane: description, specifications and types

2024 Author: Howard Calhoun | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:16

moving along the arrow.

Jib Cranes Classification

Jib cranes are divided into several types depending on the scope of application and design features.

It is customary to distinguish six types of equipment:

1. Self-propelled jib crane, in which the boom is fixed on a movable platform or undercarriage.
2. The gantry is installed on a gantry structure designed to let traffic through.
3. Tower, in which the boom is fixed on a vertical farm, tower.
4. Ship is installed on floating vessels for loadingunloading operations.
5. A mast or derrick crane has a vertical mast on which an arrow is movably fixed.
6. The mounting boom is installed directly on the job site, stationary, fixed.

Each copy of the jib crane is assigned an index, which encodes the main design features and specifications.

Mobile cranes

Among all groups of hoisting machines, the most common are self-propelled jib cranes, which are equipped with various propellers depending on operating conditions and tasks.

Wide distribution of this group of special equipment was ensured:

• autonomous drive;
• mobility and high maneuverability;
• ability to move with the load;
• high load capacity;
• ability to quickly transport to another facility;
• versatility - the ability to install various interchangeable equipment.

Mobile cranes have a replaceable boom, which allows you to change the parameters of special equipment and use it to perform various jobs. The jib-type mobile crane is widely used in the construction of bridges and power industry facilities, as well as for loading heavy vehicles before transportation.

Jib Cranes Classification

The main parameters according to which jib cranes are divided into classes are: lifting capacity,undercarriage type, drive design and technical features.

According to the type of chassis, special equipment is divided into several types:

1. Automobile - Lifting equipment mounted on a vehicle.
2. Railway is mounted on platforms moving along the railway tracks.
3. Crawler jib crane moves on a caterpillar mover.
4. Pneumowheel is equipped with its own pneumatic wheel chassis controlled directly from the cab.
5. Rail - the same as a railway crane, but independently moving along the line.

Some builders distinguish the tractor type, where the boom with lifting equipment acts as a replaceable attachment. This technique is used to carry out work related to the movement of goods in off-road conditions.

Jib crane drive

The main working element is the drive, which is responsible for the movement of goods. The most widely used jib crane with a mechanical type of drive. In it, all components are driven by an internal combustion engine running on diesel or gasoline.

Electrically operated cranes are widely used in urban construction sites, where they are connected to electric lines. For autonomous operation, the installation of a diesel generator is required. In this regard, special equipment with a hydraulic drive has become popular outside the city limits, where each mechanism of the machineequipped with its own hydraulic motor.

At the same time, cranes are divided into single-engine, where all working units are driven by power plants operating on one shaft, and multi-engine, where each mechanism receives movement from its own separate engine.

Arrow design

Depending on the design, there are two types of crane jibs - telescopic and lattice. The first type of boom is a hollow box, inside of which one or more retractable beams are located. If it is necessary to change the length of the boom, the hydraulic cylinders extend the telescopic elements. Such equipment is most often installed on hydraulically operated cranes.

Lattice arrows are further divided into four groups:

• rectilinear most common, designed to solve a wide range of tasks;
• curvilinear have an inflection, in the zone of which the hoist is installed. These booms are used to move bulky loads;
• extendable are able to increase their length by installing additional sections;
• articulated - arrows consisting of an inclined part and a jib attached to it with a hinge, which significantly increases the reach of the arrow.

Each type of boom equipment is equipped with flexible or rigid suspension. In the first case, the jib crane lifts the load with a system of ropes and a chain hoist, and in the second case, with hydraulic cylinders.

Capacity of jib cranes

The main value that characterizes the crane is its load capacity - the maximum weight of the load that the crane can lift.

According to this parameter, special equipment happens:

• light - up to 10 tons;
• medium - up to 25 tons;
• heavy - more than 25 tons.

The load capacity also includes the mass of working equipment - load gripping devices, grabs or electromagnets. Lifting capacity depends on the radius of the boom, taking into account the stability of the special equipment against tipping over, as well as the strength of the working units.

Jib Cranes Features

GOST 22827-85 regulates the main characteristics and standard sizes that self-propelled jib cranes may have. Characteristics - the main parameters that determine the scope and purpose of special equipment. They are:

• high- altitude - hook reach from tipping edge, boom length, lowering depth and lifting height of lifting equipment;
• speed characteristics - determine the speed of lifting, turning the load, changing the reach of the boom, movement in working and prepared for transportation condition;
• slope parameters - the design slope, which ensures the possibility of moving the heaviest load vertically in all positions of the rotary part;
• turn angle indicators - the angle at which special equipment can turn.

The same specifications apply to stationary jib cranes. For morefor detailed information, please refer to the relevant GOSTs.