Industry 2024, November
Wave reducer: definition, description, types and principle of operation
Currently, people use a wide variety of units that perform any movement. However, this operation would most likely be impossible if the wave reducer had not been invented
Balancing machine: instructions for use. Balancing machine errors
Balancing machine: characteristics, instructions, operation, features. Do-it-yourself balancing machine: recommendations, device. Balancing machine errors: description
State Enterprise "Plant No. 410 of Civil Aviation": history, production, address
The State Enterprise "Plant No. 410 of Civil Aviation" carries out re-equipment, maintenance, diagnostics, overhaul of aviation equipment and aircraft engines. The main production facilities are located in Kyiv. It is a strategically significant production for the economic and military security of Ukraine
Dry-charged battery: description, commissioning, positive aspects
Each element of the car needs careful care, and when it comes to operating the car in the winter, the battery requires special treatment. In the cold, its resource is significantly reduced. To be ready at any time to replace a failed power source and hit the road, keep a dry-charged battery on your shelf - the most durable and cheapest power supply
Do-it-yourself forced-action concrete mixers: drawings
In the construction of houses and structures, concrete mixing devices are indispensable. They are quite expensive, but you can assemble manual modifications of forced action yourself. In order to understand this issue, you need to consider the main types of concrete mixers
Laser welding: principle of operation and benefits
Metals can be connected in different ways. The most reliable and progressive way to obtain permanent joints of various products is laser welding. Thanks to this technology, it is possible not only to achieve great precision and accuracy, but also to join materials with a high melting point or high thermal conductivity. The short, controllable melting period and the small amount of melt make it possible to weld even parts for which conventional methods are not at all suitable
List of non-ferrous metals: characteristics, application
The development of civilization could not have happened so rapidly if man had not found a way to mine and process various metals. And if at first this was facilitated by successful finds of natural nuggets lying directly on the surface of the soil, then soon the list of non-ferrous metals that people managed to “tame” began to expand significantly. The first experiments and a more detailed study of the properties of new elements showed that all substances have different properties and their applications
Double deck cars. Russian Railways plans to please passengers
In what directions are double-decker cars supposed to be launched? Russian Railways (Russian Railways) want to use the novelty for trips from Moscow to Voronezh, Tula, Smolensk and the Black Sea destinations, which is especially important in the summer, because you can get to Russian resorts by train for less money than by plane
Chromium ore: composition, deposits and applications. Chrome metal features
Hard and refractory metal chromium is in great demand in many industries. It is used to make dyes, stable alloys and coatings for various surfaces, as well as refractory materials. In nature, it exists in the form of numerous compounds in the composition of rocks and minerals. This article talks about chromium ore, its deposits and methods of extraction
Russian artillery: from Petrovsky gunners to Iskander
The modern artillery of Russia is organizationally united with the missile forces. The functions of the MFA include the destruction of point and area targets at short and medium distances using conventional ammunition and special charges
SAU "Peony". Self-propelled artillery mount 2S7 "Peony": specifications and photos
203-mm self-propelled gun 2S7 (object 216) belongs to the artillery weapons of the reserve of the Supreme High Command. In the army, she received a code name - self-propelled guns "Peony"
Chinese tank "Type-96". Overview of Chinese tanks
The Chinese government is demanding on the quality of manufactured tanks, which are in service with the People's Liberation Army. Speaking of this, it is worth noting the powerful Type-96 machine. This Chinese tank became known to the general public in 2014, as it participated in a competition in the Moscow region. Moreover, the Asian offspring took third place, losing to Russia and Armenia
Filling a gas cylinder: filling device parts and more
For lovers of travel, such a device as a gas stove is one of the most necessary, because it is on this device that you can quickly cook food almost anywhere. Boule is a cottage or a folding table by the car, it doesn’t matter - such a stove operates in the same way. And autonomy from a centralized gas supply system is provided by a small propane cylinder
Power industry - what is it? Development and problems of the electric power industry in Russia
Electricity is one of the most important industries in the world. What exactly do you know about her?
PVC sewer pipe 110 mm for the installation of individual systems
When creating communication networks for draining, it is allowed to use conductive elements made of various materials. However, the 110 mm PVC sewer pipe is very popular, as it is ideal for the installation of individual systems
Laminated plywood for formwork: interesting information for the consumer
In modern construction, laminated plywood for formwork has been actively used. It is suitable for the construction of various types of foundations. Its service life is quite high, since the surface is protected from moisture by a special coating. The highest quality products are able to withstand up to 50 cycles of use without significant deformation changes
How to choose a diaphragm pump: tips and reviews. Types of diaphragm pumps
The diaphragm pump is a device that is in demand both in industry and at the household level. What are the principles of its work? What are the types of diaphragm pumps?
Country barcode: encrypted information
The article describes the system of graphic coding of goods and its features. Some barcodes are also indicated, by which you can find out the country of the manufacturer, and the meaning of such coding
Dough rolling machines - purpose, overview of models
In any bakery that has gone beyond the scale of "baking for family and loved ones", dough moulders are needed. What are they needed for? Do you remember the orderly rows of loaves in the bakery departments of stores. Size and appearance - one to one. This cannot be achieved by hand molding. No matter how delicious your bread is, appearance is very important to the consumer. Delicious, beautiful and smooth pastries will be much more in demand than just delicious
The main branches of light industry in Russia
Light industries specialize in the production of goods for consumers of various kinds. This is an important part of the processing complex. Which industries belong to light industry, as well as their features, will be discussed in detail in the article
RPK-74. Kalashnikov light machine gun (RPK) - 74: characteristic. A photo
The Cold War, which began almost immediately after the Great Patriotic War, forced the Soviet Union to continue the intensive development of innovative technologies and weapons
Guillotine shears: characteristics
The article is devoted to guillotine shears. The device of this equipment, operational and technical characteristics are considered
Test benches: description, application, diagrams and types
Test benches: views. features, application, operation, schemes. Control and test stand: description, features, characteristics, photos
Kureiskaya HPP - a unique power plant in the Arctic
The history of the long-term construction of the Kureyskaya HPP, the uniqueness of the project, the accident at the dam. The present day of the Kurey hydroelectric power station and the village of Svetlogorsk
An-72 aircraft: specifications, features
A little more than a hundred years have passed since the first controlled flight of the brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright, but the history of aviation has been enriched by many aircraft models. Civilian and military, transport and passenger, huge and not at all big. In the article we will talk about the Soviet car An-72, conceived as a military transporter, but far beyond its project
Syzran Refinery. Oil refining industry. Refinery
Oil is one of the most important assets of our country, since not only the financial position of our state, but also its energy security directly depends on the "black gold". One of the pillars of the domestic oil refining industry is the Syzran Refinery
Steel channel: assortment, characteristics
Steel channel - high-quality rolled metal, which is widely used in many industries. What is this metal product used for and by what parameters is it chosen?
What is milled peat? Milling method of peat extraction
Peat is an invaluable we alth that nature has given to humanity. People have used peat as a biofuel since ancient times. In the modern world, it is used in many areas, such as medicine, biochemistry, agriculture, animal husbandry, etc. This article describes milled peat and its extraction technology
Drywall: composition, types, production, tips
GKL is a popular finishing material widely used in the repair of both residential and public or office premises. The composition of drywall is almost completely natural. Therefore, it is considered, of course, an environmentally friendly material
Meat fermentation: process, structure and properties of raw meat
Gourmets know that a good steak is not easy to cook. And in this matter, everything is important - the choice of meat, its preparation (autolysis or fermentation of meat), the degree of roasting. Despite the great popularity of home grills, the secret to cooking a good steak remains a mystery to many. In the article we will talk about the difference between a beef steak from fermented meat and a steak from a steam room. And also about how to ensure the fermentation of raw materials at home
Draft apparatus: purpose and types
The draft gear is a very important device for absorbing shocks in cars and other similar objects
Priargunsky production mining and chemical association: description, enterprise capacity, products
Priargunsky production mining and chemical association is the undisputed leader of the Russian uranium industry. However, its capabilities are not limited to nuclear fuel - the company produces sulfuric acid, manganese ore, industrial lubricants and much more. A wide production profile promises a great future for the association
Overhead crane: design, specifications, purpose and application
Overhead cranes are indispensable helpers in modern industry. Without them, it is impossible to imagine most of the modern industries. The design of an overhead crane is simple at first glance, but these mechanisms help people everywhere - from a car repair shop to a nuclear power plant
Crane beam control panel: description and varieties
The crane control panel is an important piece of equipment. The accuracy of the load-lifting device depends on the quality of its performance and ease of use. A beam crane is a serious piece of equipment that, if misused, can cause serious injury to people. Therefore, the governing body plays an important role in the work
Onager is a formidable weapon of the ancient Romans
Ancient throwing machines - onagers - now look exotic. However, at the beginning of our era, these devices seriously helped people, especially during the siege and defense of cities. Unfortunately, information about pre-powder artillery is scarce and fragmentary, so modern ideas about it are often erroneous
Icing of the aircraft - conditions, causes and consequences
Icing of an aircraft is a dangerous process that has caused many accidents. How does it happen? What causes water to freeze on an aircraft body? And what measures are being taken to avoid aircraft icing?
Fish cluster in the south of Primorye. Primorye Map
As part of Russia's policy of import substitution, the fishing industry plays an important role. In this regard, the government has attended to the creation of a fish cluster in the south of Primorye. This region has a long tradition of fishing. There are powerful fish processing enterprises. By strengthening and developing them, Russia will receive a worthy replacement for imported semi-finished products
Production of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region
Production in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region plays a big role in the country's economy. The range of products manufactured by the enterprises of these regions is in demand not only in Russia, but also in many foreign countries. The giants of the production of St. Petersburg have earned the Northern capital not only the glory of a tourist Mecca, but also a major industrial center
Novikov gear: GOST, design, application
Among other types of gears, a system developed by the Soviet scientist Mikhail Novikov occupies a worthy place. It is used when it is necessary to transmit powerful torque with relatively small volumes of the mechanism - various heavy equipment, vehicles, and so on
Welding consumables: definition, characteristics, manufacture, storage. Main welding material
Main types of welding consumables, features of storage of explosive gases, characteristics of electrodes depending on the material and other parameters
Slurry is sediment. Drilling and oil sludge
Literally translated from German, this word means - dirt. Sludge is a sediment of solid small particles that is formed during the filtration or settling of a liquid. In addition, it can be a powder formed during the electrolysis of metals. As a rule, such sludge contains microparticles of precious metals. And finally, the sludge is obtained as a result of drilling or crushing of rock
Elga deposit in Yakutia. OAO Mechel. Elga coal deposit
In the 20th century, taiga grew on the site of the open Elga coal deposit. Now there is no forest; Russians are not greedy, they can share we alth. But companies implementing global projects need to think carefully about what they will leave to their descendants - a livable land or lunar landscapes
HPP: Novosibirsk (photo)
Novosibirsk is the capital of Siberia. This promising city has more than one strategic object, there are a whole lot of them. These include the operating Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station
MiG-35. Military fighters. Characteristics of the MiG-35
Domestic military-industrial complex in recent years is experiencing almost a rebirth. New models of weapons are being developed, and old ones are being actively modernized. This is especially noticeable in the case of aviation
Zhigulevskaya HPP: history, photo
Zhigulevskaya HPP was the dream of the Soviet government at the very dawn of the country's formation. The implementation of plans began in the 1930s, and large-scale construction was completed in record time after the Great Patriotic War. The history of the Zhigulevskaya HPP is one of the pages of the industrialization of the USSR and the energy security of Russia
Technical silver: applications, properties and cost of the material
In the consumer market, silver is classified as a precious metal, but in its pure form it is often widely used in industry, ensuring the performance of various electrical appliances
Grinding car glass. How to grind glass
The article is devoted to glass grinding. The grinding procedure, its tasks, technique, materials, etc. are considered
Fire tanks - safety first
Fire tanks are one of the most reliable, fast and effective ways to protect premises from the effects of fire. After all, at the time when the fire department arrives, sometimes everything burns to the ground. Therefore, in order to save expensive equipment and goods, many businesses and stores have their own fire tanks
How to flare copper tubes
Installation of copper pipelines can be done in several ways. One of the most common is the use of the method of soldering individual sections. This makes it possible to achieve tightness, but is not always practical due to the low maximum pressure in the system. For heating or water supply systems, it is best to use flared copper pipes
Steel U8: characteristics, application, interpretation
Today, there are many types of steel. One of them is instrumental. Belonging to this class of material means that the substance contains at least 0.7% carbon. The presence of this component gives certain performance characteristics
SU-152 - fighter of the Nazi menagerie
As a tank destroyer, the SU-152 proved to be very good. Hitting the "Tiger" or "Panther" did not leave a chance for survival for both equipment and crews - heavy armored towers simply flew off tens of meters
T 170 - caterpillar bulldozer. Specifications and photos
The T-170 crawler bulldozer can be used to perform work in a variety of sectors of the national economy: logging, road construction, agriculture, etc. The popularity of this model among consumers differs, of course, primarily in its excellent technical characteristics
Belarus minitractors are the best helpers in agriculture
The main and, perhaps, the most significant advantage of this machine is its compactness, small size and light weight. Due to this, Belarus mini tractors are used in areas where it is impossible to start other equipment (narrow roads, soft lands, limited spaces, etc.)
Types of gas masks and the history of their creation
Types of gas masks during the First World War did not differ in variety. All of them were replicas of Zelinsky's invention and differed only in the shape of the mask, country of origin and name
EKG excavators: models, specifications. Mining excavator
EKG excavators: modifications, application, features, capabilities, maintenance. EKG mining excavator: types, specifications, photos
Terephthalic acid: chemical properties, production and applications
Terephthalic acid is a colorless pure crystalline powder obtained during the reaction of liquid-phase oxidation of para-xylene in the presence of cob alt s alts acting as catalysts. The interaction of this substance with various alcohols leads to the formation of chemical compounds of the ether group. Dimethyl terephthalate has the greatest practical application
What are drift nets, drift fishing
Drifters with many kilometers of nets are able to catch moving fish that keep sparsely. Used for catching tuna, salmon and herring. The use of drift nets in fishing simplifies fishing, but harms the environment
Wagons: types of wagons. Classification of cars in Russian Railways trains
Types of passenger and freight cars, as well as subway cars. Features, description and application of each type of wagons and tanks
Soviet experienced self-propelled artillery installation 2A3 "Condenser"
2AZ "Condenser": description, features, device, design, armament. Soviet experimental artillery mount 2AZ "Condenser": overview, characteristics, photos
DIY metal bending machine: features, drawings and recommendations
At present, when many buildings and products are made of metal, the relevance of the metal bending machine is becoming more and more. Buying such a device will be quite expensive, but the plus is that it is quite possible to assemble it yourself
Use of niobium. Niobium production in Russia
At present, with the development of industry, there is a need for more and more quality materials. One of these is niobium. The use of this substance is not very widespread, but only because the price for it is quite high. However, this substance has excellent characteristics
IL-18 aircraft: photo, specifications
The IL-18 aircraft is one of the best representatives of the Soviet aviation industry. We will talk about its features, characteristics, modifications and history in the article
Sakhalin-2 LNG plant: history of creation, line of business
When the phrase "LNG plant on Sakhalin" catches the ear, more questions arise in the head than answers. What is this SPG? A picture from a superhero movie is presented, where something very dangerous is being produced in a secret area. A brief educational program for those who equally perceive a textbook on physics in Russian and in Chinese, who are not able to distinguish the molar mass from the mass of a molar, but are still trying to figure it all out
Sponge iron: property, methods of obtaining, application
Sponge iron is obtained by reducing concentrates or high-quality iron ores under conditions of exposure to relatively low temperatures, less than 1100 degrees Celsius. Such processes exclude the melting of the ore and its sintering
Trinity factory. Textile industry in Russia
Trinity Worsted Factory is one of the best domestic textile enterprises. A large-scale modernization carried out in the 2000s made it possible to switch from the production of military cloth to the production of high-quality smooth woolen fabrics and knitting woolen yarn. The company is located in the city of Troitsk near Moscow
Ethyl alcohol rectified. Ethyl alcohol - application. Ethyl alcohol production
It is no secret that rectified ethyl alcohol is used as the main raw material for the production of vodka products. This is a significant product in this area. More on this later
Engineering of Ukraine: industries and current trends
Mechanical engineering of Ukraine is traditionally considered the leading industry and the locomotive of the economy. Here are concentrated large high-tech enterprises of auto and aircraft construction, metallurgy, energy, military-industrial complex and other areas
Corrugated PVC pipes: description and purpose
Corrugated PVC pipes are used to provide additional protection for both external and internal wiring of electrical, telephone, television and other networks. The smooth inner layer of the pipe, made of light or heavy series HDPE or PVD materials, provides easy cable routing, allowing you to replace damaged wire without much difficulty
Booster pumps for water supply, heating and sewerage
Booster pumps are designed to create optimal pressure in plumbing, sewer and heating systems. They are essential elements of these communications
Diamond Drilling Rig: Precise holes in all materials
Construction and installation work is very often associated with making holes in concrete, stone and other similar hard materials. The diamond drilling rig is one of the most high-tech tools for their creation
Centrifugal casting - a method for obtaining precise workpieces
Centrifugal casting has a number of advantages: the absence of hollow shells and slag inclusions in the resulting casting, high material density, increased wear resistance of the metal, which is achieved due to the uniform structure, etc
Steel 12x18n10t: characteristics, interpretation
The use of steel in our life is one of the most developed fields of activity. All kinds of parts with a variety of parameters are produced from this material. All this became possible due to the fact that each alloy has its own meanings and structure. So, for example, the characteristics of the alloy 12x18n10t allowed it to become one of the most popular
What is industrial building lighting?
One of the basic norms for creating rational working conditions in enterprises is lighting. It is divided into different types depending on the light sources and functional purpose
Welding converter: principle of operation
Currently, the process of welding to connect any structures is used quite actively. Experienced welders know that with direct current, the arc burns more stable than with alternating current, which means that the quality of the weld will be higher. The welding converter plays the role of a transformer that converts AC to DC
Cathodic corrosion protection of pipelines: equipment, principle of operation
The article is devoted to the cathodic protection of pipelines from corrosion. The types of stations that implement such protection and the principle of operation of the technique are considered
Generator sets: diesel power plant. Characteristics, maintenance, repair
The article is about diesel generator sets. The characteristics of such equipment, the nuances of maintenance and repair are considered
Variable capacitor: description, device and diagram
Currently, people almost everywhere use radio-electric devices and other things powered by electricity. However, few people wonder how it all works. One of the small elements is a variable capacitor, but it performs a rather important function
Rhenium: application and properties
Rhenium, the application of which we will consider in the article, is an element of the chemical periodic table under the atomic index 75 (Re). The name of the substance comes from the river Rhine in Germany. The year of discovery of this metal is 1925
Where is the bucket elevator used?
A bucket belt bucket elevator is a vertical conveyor that transports bulk materials vertically upwards to a certain height. This unit is used in the scheme of various technical processes both indoors and outdoors
Electrosila plant in St. Petersburg: address, products. OJSC Power Machines
The Elektrosila plant is one of the TOP world leaders in the production of hydrogenerators. Its history spans more than a century, and the prospects guarantee fruitful activity for many years to come
The T-46 tank is that “pancake” that is lumpy
It can be concluded that the T-46 was the embodiment of all the advanced ideas of world tank building of its time, and in the design of the chassis it overtook them, but at that time much more progressive ideas had already appeared in the USSR
GAZ car models, abbreviation decoding
Deciphering GAZ looks like "Gorky Automobile Plant". This largest enterprise began its work in the early 30s of the last century and during its existence has produced several truly legendary brands of trucks and cars
Ejector - what is it? Description, device, types and features
Many people who have summer cottages could face such a problem as lack of water supply. In such cases, wells are usually dug, but it also happens that the water is too deep underground. In such cases, the ejector for the pump helps out perfectly
Thermite welding: technology. The practice of thermite welding in everyday life and in the electrical industry
The article is devoted to thermite welding technology. The features of this method, the equipment used, the nuances of use, etc. are considered
Cutting metal at home and on a production scale
Cutting metal is a process that is needed quite often. This can be done in different ways and under different conditions. Home craftsmen use a chisel and vise for this purpose. A faster way is to use a pneumatic hammer. In large enterprises, a guillotine is used for this
Production of mineral water: technology, stages, equipment
For many, the production of mineral water seems very easy. And at first glance, it may seem so. After all, nature itself took care of the quality and benefits of the product. And the entrepreneur only needs to drill a well and put on a tap so that water flows into bottles immediately. This is just a superficial knowledge of the matter
Porcelain imperial factory - tableware for monarchs
In the 18th century, the function of production was more representational than commercial. The Porcelain Imperial Factory was the property of the royal family, so the task of self-sufficiency was not set before it
Wood defects: types, description and remedies
Today, there are many building materials. Wood has become one of the oldest, but at the same time, widespread. However, as is known, this material is "alive", and therefore, is not devoid of natural defects. Wood is highly susceptible to various influences
Kulirka, fabric, what is it - myth or reality?
Knitted fabric consists of loops connected by bends to each other. It is very soft and stretchy and also stretches great. There are several types of such a canvas, one of which is a cooler, fabric. What is it - let's take a closer look
Pavlodar Tractor Plant: a sad story of a manufacturing giant
More than 25 years ago, the mighty world power of the USSR collapsed, and many plants and factories still continue to operate on the territory of the post-Soviet space. Unfortunately, not all organizations of the former Union of Socialist Republics were destined to stay afloat. An unenviable fate befell the Pavlodar Tractor Plant, which was once one of the largest machine-building centers
Proletarian factory. Machine-building enterprise in St. Petersburg
The company, today part of the United Shipbuilding Corporation, was founded in 1826. For the last half century, it has been specializing in the production of ship equipment, and also produces equipment for the energy industry
Acetylene generator: device and principle of operation
Acetylene generator is a device for producing acetylene by a chemical reaction. The interaction of calcium carbide with water leads to the release of the desired product. Currently, such devices are used both in stationary and mobile gas installations
Mondragon self-loading rifle (Mexico): description, history and interesting facts
At the beginning of the last century, Mexico unexpectedly entered the ranks of progressive firearms developers - the country's first self-loading Mondragon rifle was patented, which in its characteristics was not inferior to many European types of carbines
Learn more. Strip is
One of the most versatile types of long products is strip. This is a narrow metal strip used in the production of cutting tools, springs, metal profiles and various types of structures. Today, in the construction industry, a large proportion of the work is carried out with the help of metal structures, which are made using steel and galvanized tape
What are single-phase electricity meters and how to choose the right device?
Single-phase electricity meters on the market are presented in a wide range, and those citizens who decide to purchase them on their own are faced with the need to choose
Where is the keel of the plane? Aircraft keel: design
Even a person who has never seen the sea probably knows the parting word: "Seven feet under the keel." And there are no questions here. The keel of a ship is the most important structural part on which many parts of its hull are attached. But does anyone know where the keel of the aircraft is located and what it is for?
Cargo mine hoist
The article is devoted to mountain mine lifts. The main characteristics of such equipment, types, etc. are considered
Installation "Smerch" - the successor of the legendary "Katyusha"
When in 1983 the United States adopted the MLRS MLRS, which in its characteristics was comparable to the Soviet Uragan system used back in 1975, NATO countries decided that they had caught up with the Soviet Union in multiple launch rocket systems. However, a surprise awaited them. Four years later, in 1987, the Smerch installation entered service with the rocket artillery regiments of the Soviet Army
TTX of the Kalashnikov assault rifle, device and purpose
This article will discuss weapons with a worldwide reputation, the development of which marked the beginning of a whole era in the field of domestic weapons design. The performance characteristics of the Kalashnikov assault rifle were improved from one model to another, but the principle of operation remained unchanged. The traditions laid down by the creator himself in his model remained inviolable: quality, reliability, simplicity and long service life
SE Malyshev Plant, Kharkiv: history, production, products
SE "Plant named after Malyshev" is known as a major manufacturer of armored vehicles and power plants for tanks, armored personnel carriers, diesel locomotives. During the Soviet era, it was a leading defense enterprise. Located in Kharkov, Ukraine