Industry 2024, June
"Boeing-707" - a passenger aircraft: overview, description, characteristics, history of creation and cabin layout
Today, Boeing Corporation is a trendsetter in the US aviation industry and one of the world's leading aircraft manufacturers. At one time, it was this company that invented the famous Boeing 707 aircraft, thanks to which international air travel gained wide popularity
The first Saturn-5 rocket: review, characteristics and interesting facts
Based on the developments of the first decade of the 21st century, the Saturn-5 rocket (American-made) is the most powerful among its brethren. Its three-stage structure was designed in the sixties of the last century and was intended to deliver a person to the lunar surface. All the necessary ships, which were entrusted with the mission of exploring the natural satellite of our planet, were to be attached to it
Aircraft design. Construction elements. The design of the aircraft A321
Aircraft design: elements, description, purpose, features. The design of the A321 aircraft: review, specifications, photos
Paints and varnishes: types, differences, properties and description
Paints and varnishes are still one of the most popular means for decorating interior and exterior surfaces of various structures. Moreover, the areas of application of these products are constantly expanding, which is confirmed by regularly updated protective properties of the compositions
Ceramics is Production of ceramics. Artistic ceramics
In the history of mankind there are many materials that accompanied people almost from the very beginning of civilization. Wood comes to mind first, but do not forget about ceramics - baked clay, dishes from which they began to make from time immemorial
Types of energy: traditional and alternative. Energy of the future
All existing areas of energy can be conditionally divided into mature, developing and being in the stage of theoretical study. Some technologies are available for implementation even in a private economy, while others can only be used as part of industrial support
Types of upholstery materials for furniture: overview of options
Upholstery for furniture is a large group of materials that differ in appearance, performance and cost. How to choose the right option and what to expect from this or that fabric?
Hot galvanizing. The process of galvanizing metal products
The article is devoted to hot-dip galvanizing technology. Its features, technological stages, pros and cons, cost, etc. are considered
Everything about the Boeing 747. Or almost everything
The Boeing 747, easily recognizable by its hunchbacked fuselage, is actually a by-product of military development from the 1970s. At that time, the US government needed a heavy-lift transport aircraft, for which a tender was issued. Boeing did not receive a military order, however
Transatlantic airliner Boeing 777
All brochures and descriptions specifically state that the Boeing 777 is fully developed using computer programs
Floating cranes: brief information
Floating cranes are unique powerful lifting machines operating on the water surface. Let's talk about them
Self-propelled jib crane: description, specifications and types
moving along the arrow. Jib Cranes Classification Jib cranes are divided into several types depending on the scope of application and design features. It is customary to distinguish six types of equipment: Self-propelled jib crane, in which the boom is fixed on a movable platform or undercarriage.
River transport. Transportation by river transport. River Station
Water (river) transport is a transport that transports passengers and goods by ships along waterways of both natural origin (rivers, lakes) and artificial (reservoirs, canals). Its main advantage is its low cost, thanks to which it occupies an important place in the federal transport system of the country, despite seasonality and low speed
USSR ATVs: overview, specifications and interesting facts
Crawler and military all-terrain vehicles of the USSR: history of development, characteristics, description, interesting facts. All-terrain vehicles of the USSR: army and experimental samples, review, photo
Legend of world aviation - Boeing aircraft
The Boeing aircraft is a legend of world aviation. He began his story on the day when a we althy lumberjack William Boeing, arriving at a trade show, saw the airship. At that moment, he was overcome by an indestructible desire to fly. For several years, tormented by desire, he tried to get aviators to take him on a flight
Modern ship cannons
From time immemorial, vessels with ship guns were considered the decisive force at sea. At the same time, their caliber played an important role: the larger it was, the more damage was done to the enemy
American planes. United States civil and military aircraft
American aviation today is a trendsetter in the field of aircraft construction. In the United States, this situation is considered completely natural. After all, American aircraft trace their history from the first flight of the Wright brothers. The main direction in the development of American aviation projects continues to be an increase in the speed of combat aircraft and the carrying capacity of transport and passenger vehicles
Complete transformer substation KTP: production, installation
The assembly of equipment such as a KTP substation is carried out in several stages. The case is pre-assembled, then the bus system and communication equipment are mounted. The PTS installation is usually made by the same company that was engaged in its manufacture
How does a gas turbine work?
A gas turbine is an engine in which, in the process of continuous operation, the main organ of the device (rotor) converts the internal energy of gas (in other cases, steam or water) into mechanical work
T-34 tank through the eyes of American experts
The Soviet T-34 is considered a masterpiece of world tank building. In its design, technical solutions were used that were far ahead of their time, used by developers of armored vehicles to this day. All the more interesting are the comments made by engineers from the United States, who had the opportunity in 1943 to get acquainted with this machine at a military base in Aberdeen, Maryland, where it was delivered from Murmansk by a transport ship
Nichrome thread and features of its application
The article is devoted to nichrome thread. The features of the material, scope, manufacturing technology, etc. are considered
Metro development scheme for the near future
What made you change your approach to the further development of the Moscow Metro scheme? What metro stations will soon appear in Moscow?
SU-35: specifications. Russian Air Force fighter
The SU-35 is known as a multirole fighter that has the ability to show its best qualities in confrontation with an air enemy. It can also deliver powerful, high-precision long-range strikes against targets on land, at sea, and in the air
Isolation valves - what is it? Device, application
The concept of "shut-off valves" refers to devices that control the force of the flow of a certain medium. Most often, elements of valves are present on pipelines. Next, we will understand what types of valves are divided into, what it is and where it is used
Material tight jersey: description, composition, types and reviews
Knitwear is the most popular type of fabric. It is used to make clothes, bedspreads, curtains and many other products used in everyday life. Due to its unique characteristics, knitted material has become indispensable
Green marble: characteristics of properties and application
Today, green marble is widely used in construction and decoration. They veneer buildings, walls and floors of premises, create mosaic compositions and decorative ornaments, make tabletops and window sills, flowerpots. When decorating parks and gardens, fountains, gazebos, and stair railings are covered with such marble. It is used to create monuments, tombstones, monuments
Universal drive: types, device and purpose
Today, the development of technology has advanced quite widely, and those operations that were previously performed by two different devices can be performed by just one machine. A striking example of such progress was the universal drive
Foundations for equipment: special requirements, types, design, calculation formulas and application features
Equipment foundations are a necessary part of installing large installations. It is important to understand here that there is a big difference between the foundation for residential buildings, for example, and for various industrial units. Their arrangement and design also proceeds according to different methods
The cost of gasoline: pricing principles, calculation examples
Car owners are concerned about rising gasoline prices. In 2019, the cost, according to experts, may rise to record levels. Drivers are interested in what caused this phenomenon, what makes up the cost of gasoline. In order to delve deeper into the essence of the problem, you need to consider what makes up the price tag for automotive fuel, what features this process accompanies. An example of cost calculation and explanations of experts will be discussed in the article
Power supply system: design, installation, operation. Autonomous power supply systems
Improving the quality of maintenance of buildings and industrial complexes has led to the widespread use of electricity sources and related infrastructure
Current-limiting reactor: device and principle of operation
Current-limiting reactor: device, features, photo, operation. Current-limiting reactor: principle of operation, types, description
Electricity distribution: substations, necessary equipment, distribution conditions, application, accounting and control rules
Everyone knows that electrical energy is supplied to the place of its consumption from a direct source. However, such sources can be located at a great distance from the consumer. Because of this, the distribution of electricity and its delivery is a rather complicated process
Drill pipes are designed for well equipment
Drill pipes are designed for gas and oil well equipment. With the help of such equipment, a rock cutting tool is lifted and lowered into the well, torque is transmitted, a load (axial) is created on the tool, and compressed air or flushing solution is supplied to the bottomhole. Their production is mainly carried out according to the standards of GOST No. 50278-92
Work permit for work in electrical installations. Rules for work in electrical installations. Work permit
From August 2014, Law No. 328n comes into force. In accordance with it, a new edition of the "Rules on labor protection during the operation of electrical installations" is being introduced
Domna is a furnace for iron smelting
A modern blast furnace is a fairly simple system in principle, which, however, requires a complex control scheme with numerous control loops that ensure the most efficient use of raw materials and energy resources
V-12 helicopter: specifications and photos
Already by the mid-50s of the last century, the legendary Mi-6, also known as the "Cow", was created. Until now, this helicopter is considered the champion among helicopters in terms of its size and tonnage of the transported cargo. But few people know that the V-12 helicopter (also known as the Mi-12) was also created in the USSR, the carrying capacity of which was supposed to exceed that of the legendary Cow
Phantom aircraft (McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II): description, specifications, photo
Many combat aircraft, as a result of their use, either turned out to be forgotten for their low qualities, or became real legends, which even those people who have nothing to do with aviation know about. The latter include both, for example, our Il-2, and the much later American Phantom aircraft
Directional drilling: advantages and disadvantages
In recent years, construction is coming out of a protracted crisis, the number of houses under construction, industrial complexes, roads, and other infrastructure facilities is increasing. Accordingly, high-tech engineering techniques are becoming more and more in demand, allowing to reduce time and labor costs
"Lee-Enfield" - an English rifle. Description, characteristics, photo
World weapons history knows many cases when some rifles became a real "face" of their time. This was our “three-ruler”, the same was the Lee-Enfield rifle. Until now, collectors around the world can pay a decent sum to any lucky person who can offer them a sample of this weapon in perfect condition. In the UK itself, rifles of this type have the same significance as the legendary “mosquito” has in our country
ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun: characteristics, technical description, photo
During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, our army faced two sad circumstances: the almost complete absence of heavy machine guns and anti-aircraft installations
T-4 attack and reconnaissance aircraft: specifications, description, photo
About 20 years after the end of World War II, the Soviet command realized how severely underestimated American aircraft carriers
T-80U tank with a gas turbine engine: type of fuel and specifications
It just so happens that almost all MBTs (main battle tanks) in the world have a diesel engine. There are only two exceptions: T-80U and Abrams
T-90S tank: characteristics, photo, export
After the appearance of "Armata" at last year's Victory Parade, the thoughts of many fans of armored vehicles are chained precisely to the novelty of domestic tank building. At the same time, the Russian T-90S Tagil practically went into the shadows
Mi-8AMTSh transport and assault helicopter: description, armament
Helicopters, having first appeared in their modern form, immediately attracted the close attention of both national economy specialists and the military. This was due to their versatility, suitability for use in those conditions where the aircraft were completely useless. With their help, it was possible to pick up sailors from a sunken ship, and evacuate a landing group directly from the mountainside
Project 971 - a series of multi-purpose nuclear submarines: characteristics
Submarines have long been the main strike force of our fleet and a means of countering a potential enemy. The reason for this is simple: historically, our country did not work out with aircraft carriers, but missiles launched from under water are guaranteed to hit any point on the globe
NPP-2006: the project of a new generation Russian nuclear power plant
Oddly enough, but today one of the cleanest types of energy is considered … atomic! And, in general, quite justified. Yes, nuclear power plants produce hazardous types of waste, but their amount is relatively small, and mankind has long learned how to melt them into a glassy substance that does not corrode and can be stored in underground bunkers for thousands of years
Guided missile "Vikhr-1": performance characteristics. OJSC "Concern "Kalashnikov""
Tanks, having barely appeared for the first time on the battlefield, had a tremendous impact on the entire military thought of that time. Anti-tank rifles, special ammunition appeared instantly, regimental artillery experienced a rebirth
Ball mill - grinding device
Laboratory ball mill for wet and dry grinding of various samples of materials is used in a small production or a special laboratory. This equipment is used to prepare small batches of material, as well as to simulate the processes of grinding raw materials
Nuclear power plants. Nuclear power plants of Ukraine. Nuclear power plants in Russia
Modern energy needs of mankind are growing at a gigantic pace. Its consumption for lighting cities, for industrial and other needs of the national economy is increasing. Accordingly, more and more soot from burning coal and fuel oil is emitted into the atmosphere, and the greenhouse effect increases. In addition, there has been more and more talk in recent years about the introduction of electric vehicles, which will also contribute to the increase in electricity consumption
Why is a simple pencil called "simple"? How is the hardness of a pencil marked in different countries?
From early childhood and throughout our lives, we constantly use pencils, both simple and colored. For some professionals, the hardness of a pencil is an important part of their profession. How to find out the hardness of a pencil by marking, and also for what purposes they can be used, is described in this article
Green roof: benefits and types
Green roofing is an original solution for roof decoration, which, in addition to aesthetic, also has a protective function
Voskhod baking ovens - types, characteristics
Among Russian manufacturers of industrial equipment for bakery production, the Voskhod brand from Saratov stands apart. Its assortment is wide enough to have something for a small "home business" bakery and for large-scale production. We will devote this article to the thermal equipment of the Saratov manufacturer
Technology of electric arc welding of metals
The impact of an electric arc on the structure of a material is one of the oldest ways to obtain a strong connection between metal workpieces. The first technological approaches to this welding method had a lot of disadvantages associated with the porosity of the weld and the formation of cracks in the working area. To date, manufacturers of equipment and auxiliary devices have significantly optimized the method of electric arc welding, expanding the scope of its use
Welding arc temperature: description, arc length and conditions for its appearance
Today, welding is a process that is used quite often when it is necessary to connect two metal parts together. However, few people understand exactly how welding works, as well as what is the temperature of the welding arc and what causes it
Power engineering. Factories in Russia
Energy engineering is something without which the existence of the human race is unthinkable today. The creation of power units of this kind is a priority for any state
Fraction is an important parameter when choosing crushed stone and sand for construction
Without sand and gravel, it is impossible to produce the most common building material - concrete, and to carry out any construction work. Depending on the needs, the desired fraction is selected, which is provided for by building standards. How to make the right choice, consider below
What is tempered glass: features of production, processing and applications
How is tempered glass different from regular glass? A description of the production process and the specifics of processing will help to find the answer to this question. Methods for determining tempered glass and possible options for cutting it without the use of special equipment
Industrial fans: specifications, types, purpose
Establishing an efficient and reliable air ventilation system at the enterprise is the first step towards creating comfortable conditions for employees. Ventilation of premises can be carried out in a natural and forced way. In the second case, industrial fans are required for operation, the technical characteristics of which will determine the efficiency of the entire ventilation system
Bulldozer DT 75: specifications, description, reviews
If you choose a bulldozer among domestic equipment, then the choice should fall on the DT-75 model, which celebrated its half-century anniversary in 2013. For more than 50 years, it has been constantly modernized, and now it meets all modern standards and requirements
MTZ-3022: specifications and photos
During the existence of the concerns of the Minsk Tractor Plant, more than a hundred different models of special vehicles were produced, designed to solve a wide range of tasks. Among the entire range of products, the MTZ-3022 tractor deserves special attention as one of the most powerful and high-performance
Sewerage: cleaning, removing blockages. Wastewater treatment plant, biological wastewater treatment
The article is devoted to sewer systems and wastewater treatment facilities. Methods for cleaning sewer pipes, biological treatment plants and drainage systems are considered
Aviation gasoline: characteristics
What is the difference between aviation gasoline and automobile? Brands of gasoline used in aviation. Specifications, production of fuel for aircraft
What are solid capacitors? Marking and classification
Currently, many types of different capacitors are used in technology. However, solid capacitors have become the most common in recent years
Single-pole machine: device, specifications and connection features
In order to choose the right single-pole machine without errors, you should understand the markings printed on the case on the front side. The characteristics of the device are selected depending on the type of connected load and the cross section of the wiring
Rack-and-pinion jack. general information
Rack-and-pinion jack is a rather interesting device, which at the same time has a simple mechanism. It is used in various industrial fields and is unpretentious in maintenance
What is in cement?
Cement is one of the main building materials. Its fields of application are extremely diverse
What is a frigate Frigate is a naval term for a class of warship
Ships are different. And each has its own name. You can often hear the question: what is a frigate? How is this model different from the rest? What is the purpose? This article will tell you all about it
Supersonic intercontinental bomber T-4MS ("product 200"): main characteristics
The strategic supersonic intercontinental bomber-missile carrier developed by the design bureau under the leadership of P. O. Sukhoi remained a project. But the new ideas and solutions used in it have not yet been fully implemented. Even after half a century
What is reactive power? Reactive power compensation. Reactive power calculation
In real production conditions, reactive power of an inductive nature prevails. The enterprises install not one electric meter, but two, one of which is active. And for the overexpenditure of energy “chased” in vain through power lines, the relevant authorities are mercilessly fined
Obninsk nuclear power plant - the legend of nuclear energy
Obninsk NPP was commissioned in 1954 and operated until 2002. This is the world's first nuclear power plant. The station produced electrical and thermal energy, and various scientific laboratories were located on its territory. Now the Obninsk NPP is a museum of atomic energy
Osmosis reverse - a guarantee of clean water
Reverse osmosis, as the process of separating the components of a solution from each other, has a rather long history. Even the ancient Greeks, in particular, Aristotle, noticed that when sea water passes through the walls of a vessel made of wax, it is desalinated
Gold mining. Gold mining methods. Mining gold by hand
Gold mining began in ancient times. In the entire history of mankind, approximately 168.9 thousand tons of precious metal have been mined, almost 50% of which goes to a variety of jewelry. If all the mined gold is collected in one place, then a cube would be formed as high as a 5-storey building, having an edge - 20 meters
Glazing antiseptic. Antiseptics FORWOOD and "Tikkurila"
Glazing antiseptics or paints are compounds that have long been used by people who often work with wood products. However, for those who are just trying their hand, this is something new that you should familiarize yourself with
Zinced iron: characteristics, purpose
Zinc-coated iron is widely used today. It is used in construction and industry, and paint is applied to its surface even in factory conditions for protection, which allows you to decorate the material
Acetic acid fermentation: pathogens and practical use
The causative agent of acetic fermentation is the bacteria of the Mycoderma aceti group. These microorganisms belong to the class of aerobic, and there are quite a few varieties of them. This type of bacteria is capable of converting ethyl alcohol into vinegar
Milk cleaning: technologies and equipment
Milk purification and filtration processes are designed to remove contaminants and natural unwanted impurities from its composition. There are different ways to solve such problems, differing in technological organization, efficiency, productivity and performance. The equipment for milk purification, which is equipped with production lines, also differs
Plant named after Sverdlov in Dzerzhinsk
FKP "Plant named after Ya. M. Sverdlov" (Dzerzhinsk) is one of the leaders of the Russian defense complex. This is the largest research and production association in the military-industrial complex in terms of technological capacities and production volume. The profile of the enterprise is the production of ammunition and explosives
Confectionery packaging: types, requirements, production
Packaging of confectionery products is the final stage of their production. The container must meet quality standards, have the desired shape and appearance. After baking and cooling products, the goods retain their best qualities due to the packaging rules followed. The goal is not only to preserve the taste and color of products, but also to protect against external mechanical damage
Energy problem: solutions
The energy problem sooner or later overtakes every state on the planet. The reserves of the Earth's interior are not infinite, so planning for the future is the main task of research organizations. The energy problem was formed decades ago after a sharp increase in resource consumption associated with the development of the motor transport industry
What is radiographic testing? Radiographic control of welds. Radiographic control: GOST
Physical bases of radiation control methods. Features of radiographic control. The main stages of radiographic control of welds. Safety precautions in the production of radiographic control. Normative and technical documentation
Khrunichev plant: history, products, address
The Khrunichev Plant is a leading aerospace enterprise with a century-long history. It produced the first domestic passenger cars "Russo-B alt", armored vehicles, civil and military aircraft. Since the 60s, the company has been developing rocket and space technology
Load handling devices and containers
The article is devoted to lifting devices and containers. The varieties of this equipment, the main characteristics of the design and preventive maintenance measures are described
Cable cranes: types and characteristics
Today, a variety of materials are used on construction sites. Many of them weigh quite a lot, and in order to successfully move them, you have to use special equipment. One such device is a cable faucet
Industrial construction is the basis of the economy
Industrial construction has always played an important role in the economy of the state. Judge for yourself - if not a single industry (even the provision of services) can do without a production building or at least an office, then what is the significance of the construction of industrial facilities
Such different matches: the composition of the match head
A match is a small wooden stick with a hardened mixture of flammable chemicals at one end. When rubbing against a special rough surface, enough heat is generated to ignite the chemicals and cause a small flame
Mi-1 helicopter: history of creation, specifications, power and description with photo
The Mi-1 model is a legend in the helicopter industry. The development of the model began in the 40s. However, even today this aircraft is respected all over the world. Consider its description, interesting facts and history
"Paks" - nuclear power plant in Hungary (photo)
"Paks" - nuclear power plant, on which the future of Hungary directly depends. that is why close attention has been paid to its reconstruction and colossal funds by the standards of this small European country have been borrowed
Carpet production: technology and manufacturing features
Any carpet production begins with the selection of raw materials. And if earlier the choice of materials was limited to wool and silk, today you can find a woven fabric from both natural fibers and their synthetic counterparts
Dry alcohol - the history of appearance and application
Dry alcohol is a solid, non-smoking fuel that is used for cooking and heating food in field conditions, which is especially important for areas where natural fuel cannot be found (mountains, rocky ground, steppes, etc. )
Combustible dry tablets: reviews and tips for use
Often there are situations when there is a need for a quick production of fire. Or vice versa, there are no materials and means to maintain it. Most often, such situations occur in people who are fond of hiking and traveling and leading a very active lifestyle. Or in cases of unexpected extreme situations, when fire is one of the main means of survival
The territory of the ZIL plant: features, scheme and interesting facts
The Likhachev Plant is one of the oldest machine-building enterprises that Russia inherited from the USSR. In Soviet times, it played an important strategic role. What happened to this giant today? What is located on the territory of the ZIL plant?
С-400. ZRK S-400 "Triumph". S-400, missile system
In recent years, in the armies of the whole world, the emphasis is on means that allow you to destroy the enemy and enemy equipment at a distance, avoiding a direct collision. Domestic aircraft are no exception. Old missile systems are being modernized, new ones are being created
Condenser units. Repair and operation of industrial electrical equipment
Only capacitor units can protect the circuit from harmonics and interference. In terms of power, the modifications are quite different. Modern models are produced with multi-channel regulators
Calculate the value of "man-hour"
What are man-hours, how to calculate them, where and why they are used, with what quantities they are interconnected, similar quantities
American company Lockheed Martin ("Lockheed Martin")
Lockheed Martin Transnational Corporation is the world's leading developer and manufacturer of military aviation and space technology, ballistic missiles, fire control systems, and cybersecurity elements. The company also provides a wide range of management, engineering, technical, scientific and logistics services
Density of asph alt concrete: material consumption and composition
The density of asph alt concrete is one of the main characteristics of this material. Asph alt concrete, as it is also called, has the form of a building artificial conglomerate, which is formed as a result of achieving the required density of the mixture laid in the structure
Acetate fiber. Production of acetate fiber
At all times, the textile industry has been one of the most important sectors of the national economy in our country, as it gave the state a huge amount of much-needed fabric, which was constantly required not only for the production of clothing, but even used in the production of weapons
Synthetic resins: production, composition, structure and scope
Chemicals are used at different stages of the production process and in everyday life. One of these varieties are synthetic resins. These substances differ in composition and scope. The purpose of artificial resins can be very diverse. Depending on the method of production and composition, their main characteristics are determined. Resins of artificial origin will be discussed further
Polymer cement mortar: composition, technical characteristics, compliance with GOST requirements, purpose and application
Polymer cement mortar is one of the modifications of conventional sand-cement mortar. Polymers can also be added to mixtures that are used when laying plaster and other facing materials. The addition of this substance to the composition helps to improve its characteristics
Woodworking production: characteristics and technological process
Modern woodworking production involves the use of high-tech equipment to produce high-quality lumber