Industry 2024, November

Waterproof fabrics: variety of types and classification of fabrics

No one is surprised by waterproofs these days: apparel manufacturers are using technological innovations to give their outfits qualities that they could not even dream of before. But how did it all start?

Anchor chain. Component of the anchor device

Anchor devices and anchor chains in their composition experience serious loads while the vessel is at anchor. The quality of mechanisms, components and individual parts of anchor devices is not only the reliability and safety of the vessel, but also a guarantee of safety, and sometimes the life of people on board

Strength limit of materials - what is it?

Mechanical properties of a metal or alloy, such as hardness, ductility, resistance to deformation, tensile strength or wear resistance, are the main criteria for choosing a material

Auxiliary power unit: specifications, purpose, device and resource indicators

An auxiliary power unit, or APU, is a unit that is very often used in aviation technology. By itself, this installation is necessary for obtaining mechanical energy. However, it cannot be used to move vehicles

Locomotive depot. RZD: locomotive depot

A locomotive depot is a point where maintenance or repair work is carried out on trains. It is also called the traction part

Extractive industry and reliable pumps

The mining industry is currently well developed. In addition, this industry includes many smaller ones. All these industries are developed quite strongly and are the main source of obtaining various natural resources for the needs of mankind

Drawing accessories: tools and materials

When performing various kinds of graphic work, special tools and materials are used - drawing accessories. Engineers and designers can use compasses, rulers, protractors, etc. Drawings are made on very high quality white paper or graph paper

Do-it-yourself ceramic kilns

Ceramic products today are quite often used in everyday life. Ceramic kilns can be used by home craftsmen. However, there are a lot of varieties, they have a very different device and other characteristics that you should understand before buying or making your own

Technical carbon, its production

Carbon black (GOST 7885-86) is a type of industrial carbon products used mainly in the production of rubber as a filler that enhances its useful performance properties. Unlike coke and pitch, it consists of almost one carbon, it looks like soot

Heat treatment of steel is an important process in the production of metals

Heat treatment of steel gives any steel product the desired properties. This process is an important step in the production of iron alloy

Fuel for boiler houses: features, types, characteristics and requirements

Types of fuel for boilers can be used different. Most water heaters run on gas. But electric, liquid and solid fuel boilers are also quite popular. In the latter case, the equipment can run on coal, wood or pellets

What is produced from oil? Oil refining technology

What is produced from oil: features, composition, types of products, photos. Oil refining technology: methods

Utilization of petroleum products: methods and technologies

Refining infrastructure includes storage, pumping and filtration facilities, each of which, to varying degrees, leaves raw waste that is detrimental to the environment. Accordingly, there is a need for timely disposal of petroleum products that cannot be used in industry or transport services

Carbon fiber: properties, photo, obtaining, use

The article is about carbon fiber. The technology of obtaining, the properties of the material, as well as the scope and forms of application are considered

Modern major oil and gas companies in Russia

The development of the oil and gas industry is one of the main aspects of our country's economy. The share of Russian hydrocarbon raw materials on a global scale is more than 10%. Of course, Russian oil and gas companies play a key role in this matter. Here are 5 major companies from this list

Rocket fuel: varieties and composition

Gunpowder and its analogues in our time are used only for the manufacture of small model rockets, as rocket fuel. The composition of this type allows you to launch small rockets a few hundred meters in height. For military space purposes, rocket fuel of other types is most often used. However, solid rocket fuel in modern carriers is used only at the initial stage

The most durable metal: what is it

For a long time, steel was the main material in production and weapons. But steel is not metal. To be more precise, it is not a completely pure metal. This is a compound of iron with carbon, in which other metal additives are also present. Using additives, steel is alloyed, i.e. change its properties. After that, the steel is processed. Steelmaking is a whole science. The strongest metal is obtained by introducing the appropriate alloys into the steel

Construction of "Akkuyu" - nuclear power plant in Turkey. Origins and fate of the project

Everything about the Akkuyu NPP project: history, essence and brief description, as well as the attitude of people to the project. Why has the NPP project become so discussed lately? What will happen to the project after the events of November 2015? Answers in this article

Izhevsk factories: past, present, future

Izhevsk is known to many in our country as the arms capital of Russia. This is true, but few people know that there are several dozen other enterprises focused on the production of both military and civilian products. The article tells about the Izhevsk industry

Building ships. Shipyard. Shipbuilding

Shipbuilding activities are necessary for every maritime power, and therefore the construction of ships almost never stops. Any activity at sea has always been considered a very profitable business, and this is how things are now

Stoeger X50 air rifle: review, description, specifications and reviews

The focus of this article is the Stoeger X50 pneumatics, created by Italian gunsmiths and presented to the public as an inexpensive solution for recreational shooting

The lightest helicopter. Light Russian helicopters. Light helicopters of the world. The lightest multi-purpose helicopter

Heavy combat helicopters are designed to transport people, weapons and their use. They have serious armor, high speed. But they are not suitable for civilian purposes, they are too large, expensive and difficult to manage and operate. For peacetime, you need something simple and easy to manage. The lightest helicopter with a joystick control is quite suitable for this

Absolute alcohol. Industrial production of alcohol from biological raw materials

Absolute ethyl alcohol has found its application in industry. This substance is necessary to ensure the reaction of organic synthesis. Such a liquid is now often used in laboratories. For the first time, the technical specifications dedicated to this substance were published in the 37th year. Currently, there are specialized GOSTs and standards that regulate the quality of the liquid and the nuances of its preparation

Rolled steel: types, GOST, prices

Currently, steel rolling is one of the main operations performed in foundry rolling mills. Using this method, you can get a variety of steel products, which are subsequently used in many areas of human activity

Water desalination: methods and settings

Demineralization of water is the removal of s alts from it. There are several methods by which you can desalinate the liquid completely or partially. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages

Leading factories of Omsk and Omsk region: history and modernity

The factories of Omsk and the Omsk region occupy an important place in the Russian economy. The strategic location in the very center of the country allows local companies to establish business partnerships with East and West. The region has developed aircraft manufacturing, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, defense and electronic industries

Gas sensor: description, types, cost

Any room in which gas equipment is used must be checked for the level of concentration in the air of the products of combustion of gas. To measure this parameter and ensure safe conditions in everyday life and in industry, a special device is used - a gas sensor. What kind of device it is, and what functions it performs, is disclosed in the article

What is the optimal spindle for CNC?

The spindle can have a single design with built-in current-carrying windings and a separate one. The kinematic connection for the latter is carried out by means of a belt drive or gearbox, and a gearbox with manual and automatic operation can also be used

American auto industry: history, development, current state. US automotive industry

How the American automaker market has evolved. What methods of modernization were considered revolutionary at the beginning of the last century. Creation of the big three auto concerns. Modern development of the American car market

Tung oil: production, application, properties, reviews

Tung oil has long been used to coat wood products. For several centuries, it has established itself as an excellent preservative, antiseptic with high decorative qualities

Laying the cable in the trench: entrust the work to professionals

Only specialized companies and organizations that have all permits and permits to perform such types of work have the right to lay a 10 kV cable. The installation of the mentioned power lines is a very laborious and responsible process. Work on laying such a cable will require a sufficient number of fixtures, tools and materials

Military weapons: fighter planes

Fighter is a military aircraft, the main purpose of which is to destroy enemy air units. They are used as an escort for air vehicles, protecting ground facilities from enemy aircraft. Quite rarely, fighter planes attack sea and ground targets

Engineering systems - installation, features and requirements

The article is devoted to the installation of engineering systems. Its features, requirements, design and general implementation technology are considered

Pipeline laying: methods and technologies

Piping can be done using a variety of techniques. Most often, highways are pulled along trenches dug in advance. Also, the assembly can be carried out by an open ground method or in channels. Sometimes highways are laid using the trenchless method: by puncturing or punching the soil

The train is public transport. Informative information about electric trains

The article provides basic information about suburban electric trains: what they are, how they differ from long-distance trains, how they work and for whom they are intended

Reproduction of fixed assets of the enterprise

How is the process of reproduction of fixed assets? What sources of its implementation are used?

Main pipe for gas pipeline

Today it is difficult to imagine the world and one's own life without the achievements of science and technology. Many people think that the main achievement is information development, but just imagine your life without industrial facilities! In everyday life, everyone uses the benefits of civilization: water, electricity, gas, heat, and can no longer imagine their comfortable life without them. In order to deliver water and gas, water and gas pipelines are being built, which act as a vehicle

Small boats. Rights to operate small boats

Small boats: description, categories, features, operation, maintenance. Small boats: rights to manage, duties, photos

Russian cars: brands, names

It will be nice to know that some Russian car brands are quite popular in other countries. In particular, this is the Niva and the famous UAZ. Cars have gained popularity due to the increased cross-country ability. And although there are many other, more comfortable options, many foreigners prefer to use the Russian Niva for hunting, fishing and other fun that requires travel through impassable terrain

Banner fabric - what to consider when choosing?

Business is unthinkable without advertising. The choice of media for our company's PR campaign depends on many factors. First of all, from the one who will be the addressee of the proposal - firms or individuals. Most often, materials such as banner fabric, mesh, paper are chosen for outdoor advertising. The rest is a matter of technique. In lightboxes or on billboards, various materials can be fixed. Banner fabric is most often used for streamers - both outdoors and indoors

Ultrasonic processing: technology, advantages and disadvantages

The metalworking industry at this stage of development is capable of solving the complex tasks of cutting and drilling workpieces of varying degrees of hardness. This became possible due to the development of fundamentally new ways of influencing the material, including a wide group of electromechanical methods. One of the most effective technologies of this type is ultrasonic treatment (UZO), based on the principles of electroacoustic radiation

"Sakhalin-1". Oil and gas project on Sakhalin Island

The Sakhalin-1 project is an international consortium for the extraction of high-quality Sokol oil and natural gas on the continental shelf off the northeastern tip of Sakhalin Island

Homemade welding fixtures: drawings

Welding jobs sometimes involve less effort and time compared to preparing for them. Their main share is the assembly of a welded structure, during which it is necessary to fix the elements in the required position. This work requires attention from the master, because the quality of products depends on it

HPP is Shushenskaya HPP

HPP is an object erected on a river in order to convert the energy of its flow into electrical energy. One of the main structures of hydroelectric power plants in most cases is a dam that blocks the channel

Basic principles of TPP operation

Currently, humanity is actively using electricity. It is the power source for most appliances and equipment. To understand where it comes from, it is necessary to understand the principles of operation of thermal power plants, since they are the most common

Restraint system: purpose, functions and technical requirements

The restraining system has extremely important functions. It is she who fixes a person at a height, as well as in vehicles. In its operation, there are a number of subtleties that must be taken into account in order for it to be effective

Concrete mixers - rating of the best, characteristics and overview of models

As part of industrial production or for large-scale home repairs, a concrete mixer is needed. The amount of concrete that is produced with this device is several times greater than the volume of mortar made by hand. We offer an overview of some models of concrete mixers that are, according to the rating, in the list of the best

Lysvensky Metallurgical Plant Closed Joint Stock Company: history, description, products

CJSC Lysva Metallurgical Plant is one of the leading Ural enterprises. It is a major center for the production of galvanized polymerized sheet metal and products from it. Many bodies of domestic cars are made of Lysvensky rolled products

Recorder mount: review of models, photo with description

Car control systems that make driving more convenient and comfortable are increasingly in demand among car owners. This equipment accordingly requires a complete set of various accessories

Packaging machine: overview of models, principle of operation, photo

Any successful production today needs packaging equipment. Such machines and mechanisms allow automatic or manual packaging of a wide variety of products. They are able to quickly and efficiently carry out many operations and are reliable assistants in production. Packing machines and equipment can either be part of a production line or function autonomously

Transport vehicles: classification and types, description, characteristics

Today, the following types of transport vehicles are used in construction: land, air, sea. Most often, it is ground equipment that is used. Approximately 90% of all transportation is carried out using such transport. Among ground vehicles, automobile, tractor and railway transport is actively used

Cutting speed for milling, turning and other types of mechanical processing of parts

Calculation of cutting conditions is the most important step in the manufacture of any part. It is very important that the calculation itself be rational. This is due to the fact that for various mechanical operations it is necessary to individually select the cutting speed, spindle speed, feed rate, and also the depth of cut. A rational mode is one in which production costs will be minimal, and the quality of the resulting product will be as accurate as possible

Machining of metal: types and methods

Machining is a process during which the dimensions and configuration of workpieces and parts are changed. If we talk about metal products, then special cutting tools are used for their processing, such as cutters, broaches, drills, taps, cutters, etc. All operations are performed on metal-cutting machines according to the technological map. In this article, we will learn what are the methods and types of mechanical processing of metals

Milling is Milling fixture and procedure description

Milling is a surface treatment method based on the alternate operation of the teeth of the cutter. There is a huge variety of tools depending on their functional purpose, processed materials, characteristics of manufactured parts

Cutting mode during milling: calculation, definition, standards

How to determine the cutting mode when milling? For this, there are formulas, and tables, and graphs

Agricultural machinery is an important industry

Agricultural engineering plays an important role in ensuring the country's food security, so experts note with satisfaction that in recent years there has been some growth in this sector of the Russian economy. Some enterprises have chosen the “Belarusian way”, equipping the basic equipment with “environmentally friendly” engines, the use of which is required, for example, in Europe

Water tube boiler: device, principle of operation in industrial energy

Steam generators are mainly used for technological operations - for example, to generate steam by evaporating water. But the possibility of household operation is not excluded, if it is necessary to organize hot water supply for several large consumers. Among the most optimized steam generator designs, one can note the water-tube design. A boiler of this type is not inferior to many analogues in terms of output per unit of time, but its design causes restrictions on operation in cramped conditions

Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installation

The article is devoted to the fire alarm and fire extinguishing system. The technologies for installing the main components of such systems are considered

Weaving: process description, features, technology

The textile manufacturing industry occupies a special place in the national economy, providing consumers of various levels with one of the most common types of material goods in the light industry segment. Depending on the direction of activity of the participants in this market, we can talk about the production of fabrics, knitwear, carpets, etc. As it developed, weaving became more complicated and supplemented with new functions and capabilities

Power transformer TMG 1000 kVA

The TMG 1000 kVA power transformer is designed to reduce voltage in a three-phase electrical network. This is a two-winding transformer that converts electrical energy from high-voltage electrical networks with a voltage of 6-35 kV to a low-voltage voltage up to a standard of 0.4 kV

Grover washer - a simple solution to a complex problem

Washers are called fasteners made of various materials, mainly metal or plastic. Their shape is most often annular, but it can also be different (square, rectangular and even polygonal). They are designed to distribute the load when driving nuts, screws, screws, bolts, studs and other threaded elements, to prevent dents and other damage, and to ensure good electrical contact. But there is also an unusual puck

Jute fabric: description with photo, structure, fabric composition and application

Jute fabric is widely used to make a variety of products. In most cases, such material is, of course, used for sewing packaging bags. But jute can also be made, for example, water filters, various kinds of decorative crafts, screens, etc

What is allowance and how to calculate it?

Before you get the finished part, a lot of different operations are done with the workpiece. One of the most important is the definition of the processing allowance. Its size is the difference between the size of the workpiece and the size of the part according to the drawing

Meat and bone meal: instructions for use

Meat and bone meal is a product used as a food additive for feeding chickens, pigs, cattle, small cattle, etc. Its use can significantly increase the productivity of farm animals and poultry, as well as save a little on feed

Aluminum alloys: properties and processing of metals

Aluminum alloys are very often used in construction, industry and other manufacturing industries. However, before using them, it is necessary to learn about the properties of alloys, as well as about the features of their processing

Ultrasonic testing of welded joints, methods and technology of testing

Ultrasonic testing - advanced technology for the study of welding joints and seams. It will be discussed in this article

Dough kneading machines. Overview of the best models

Modern dough kneading machines can have different power, design and performance. When choosing equipment for a bakery or confectionery, these three parameters should be taken into account in the first place. There are units on the market designed for the production of both heavy and light dough

Canned meat: GOST, TU and marking

Canned meat and fish have a long shelf life. Their nutritional value is quite high. These products are easy to transport. There are special factories in the country that produce them for a wide range of consumers

Copper ore: mining, refining, deposits and interesting facts

Copper is quite widely used in almost any of the existing industries, it stands out from a variety of ores because it is the most in demand. copper ore is a natural resource derived from an ore called bornite that is often used in industry. Great demand for this ore appeared not only due to the large amount of copper in the composition, but also due to the good reserves of bornite in the ground

Construction of the Nizhne-Bureiskaya HPP, Amur Region

According to plans, the construction of the Nizhne-Bureiskaya HPP should be completed at the end of 2016. The launch of a cascade of stations will serve the development of the region, save resources and complicate the infrastructure

The most valuable wood species: description, types and applications

For a long time, precious wood has been used by man for the construction of housing and ships, the manufacture of furniture and household utensils. Why not? After all, the material is distinguished by its reliability, beauty and natural warmth. Therefore, it is not at all surprising that in the conditions of modern production, natural wood of valuable species, described below, is actively used to form a wide range of products

Russian nuclear power plants

The starting point of the history of mastering the last type of energy can be considered 1939, when uranium fission was discovered. It was then that I. V. Kurchatov substantiated the need for research work related to atomic energy. Seven years later, the first nuclear reactor was built and launched in Russia

Concentration plant: description, features

The processing plant is a mining enterprise for the primary processing of solid minerals. The purpose of the process at the mining and processing plant is to obtain technically valuable products. The resulting product is needed for industrial use

Stern of the ship, cabins of the captain and his assistants, maps and instruments

The stern of a sailing ship in the 18th-19th centuries was distinguished by rich decoration, exterior decoration made of precious woods, many balustrades and carved cornices. The interior of the aft quarters also bore signs of luxury, the floors were carpeted, the walls and ceiling were sheathed with polished mahogany panels. The stern of the ship is its main part in all respects

German industry. What is she famous for?

Germany is one of the leading states of the European Union. Its area is 357 thousand square meters. km, and the population is about 83 million people. The German industry is considered one of the most powerful not only in the region, but also in the world. Its development can be divided into two very important periods: pre-war and post-war (World War II)

The Northern Fleet is Russia's polar shield

Starting from the fifties, the Northern Marine Fleet became an ocean, nuclear and missile fleet. The world's first ship-based ballistic launch was made in 1956 in the White Sea

The largest shipyards in Russia

The domestic shipbuilding industry was started by Peter the Great. It was this sovereign who, at the end of the 17th century, founded the Arkhangelsk State Shipyard, which later formed the backbone of the first Russian military flotilla. In our article you will find information about the largest shipbuilding plants in Russia at the present time, find out what and in what volumes they produce

Safety explosion valve: purpose, installation

Boiler equipment, whether it is a boiler in a private house or a large boiler room in an enterprise, is a source of danger. The boiler water jacket under constant pressure is potentially explosive. To ensure safety, boilers and other heat generators manufactured today are equipped with many protective systems and devices. One of the simplest and most affordable - a safety valve installed in the heating system

"Boeing 737-400": interior layout

In the world of jet passenger aircraft, the Boeing 737-400 has been and remains the most popular airliner for many years. The entire history of the passenger aircraft industry knows no other aircraft models in terms of the number of aircraft produced. The Boeing 737-400 family already has three generations of aircraft. According to the proposals of charter carriers, the model has been slightly changed

The structure of the microscope

The structure of the microscope, its design directly depend on the purpose of this device. For scientific research, X-ray and electronic optical equipment is used, which has a more complex device than light devices

Road roller - types and purpose

Reliability, durability and strength of roads to a large extent depend on the quality construction of the road surface. To facilitate this process, a special technique is used

Metalworking lathe

The article is devoted to metalworking lathes. The characteristics of such equipment, types, manufacturers, etc. are considered

HPP Boguchanskaya: construction organizer, phone, photo, flood zone

At the end of June 2016, the new Boguchanskaya HPP, built on the Angara River, 444 km from its mouth, in the taiga-forest zone, reached its full design capacity in Russia. In terms of power, this station is the 5th in the country, and in terms of equipping with modern equipment, it ranks first

Far Eastern Railway: history and characteristics

The Far Eastern Railway is the main line connecting the center of Russia with the Pacific coast. A little about the history of the Far Eastern Railway and its current work

Crawler gasoline snow blower: review, specifications and reviews

The article is dedicated to caterpillar gasoline snow blowers. The characteristics, reviews and nuances of choosing such equipment are considered

Acrylic - a fabric from which everything can be sewn

Do you need durable and beautiful material? Pay attention to acrylic. The fabric remarkably tolerates regular washing, subject to the rules of care does not lose its original shape and color. To date, acrylic is used for the manufacture of clothing, textiles and many other products

Nylon is a special material, not a substitute for natural fabrics

Modern nylon is a high-tech fabric, sometimes capable of one-sided conduction of water molecules, resistant (unlike analogues of the 40-60s) to ultraviolet radiation and heat

Lightweight trams. High-speed tram in Moscow

Lightweight trams are a new type of transport, convenient, reliable and economical at the same time. They move along a specially dedicated line, and therefore they are not at all afraid of traffic jams. In fact, these are tram trains carrying passengers at a speed of at least 24 km/h

Polymers in our daily lives: synthetic rubber

Synthetic rubber plays a very important role in human life. It is found in almost all sectors of our life: from dishes, toys to the automotive industry and rockets. There are two main categories: speci alty rubbers and general purpose rubbers. And each of these categories has its own unique uses

Industrial pipes: types, characteristics, purpose

Industrial pipe is a tubular section or hollow cylinder, but not necessarily round. It is used more often for transporting substances, liquids, gases, suspensions, powders and small solids. Various types of pipes are used in industry, they differ not only in diameter and material, but also in the method of installation. Their classification is extensive, but to understand it, you should study the types of pipes used in various industries

Coke oven - metallurgical unit for making coke: device

The introduction of coke ovens into operation began in the 50s of the last century. The useful volume of the first typical furnaces was 21.6 Nm³. Further in the article we will consider the device of the named equipment

Float level gauges: description, types, principle of operation and reviews

The article is devoted to float level gauges. The types of devices, the principle of operation, user reviews, etc. are considered

Borehole level gauge: models and manufacturers

Borehole level gauges are supplied to the Russian market today by many companies, both domestic and foreign. If necessary, today you can purchase both an electronic and a hydrostatic or radar device of this type

The device of the vessel. General arrangement of courts and their main elements

The construction of a vessel is a responsible task facing the workers of the navy. They must fully ensure cargo and passenger flows. All tasks can be effectively solved only with the help of a qualitative improvement of the fleet

Hydrodistributor R-80: diagram, device, connection, do-it-yourself repair

The R-80 hydraulic distributor is used on tractors manufactured by MTZ, designed to redistribute the circulating fluid of these units. The mixture flows from the pump into the working space of the cylinder. The design of the device makes it possible to adjust the oil pressure in the system, fix attachments in the required position

What new metro stations have opened in Moscow. Scheme of new Moscow metro stations

The Moscow Metro is rapidly expanding beyond the Moscow Ring Road. There are cars on automatic control, the scheme of new Moscow metro stations is constantly updated

Amur Gas Processing Plant (Amur Gas Processing Plant) - the largest construction site in Russia

Amur GPP in 2017 is the largest construction project in Russia. After commissioning, this enterprise will supply the market with 60 million cubic meters of helium alone. Among other things, this plant is an important component of the grandiose project "Power of Siberia"

Industry 2024, November

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